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| 有机肥替代化肥对青稞生长特性、叶片碳氮平衡和氮代谢酶活性的影响 |
| Effects of replacing chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers on growth characteristics, leaf carbon and nitrogen balance and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of highland barley |
| 投稿时间：2023-09-21 修订日期：2023-11-17 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 青稞，有机肥替代，生长特性，碳氮比，氮代谢酶 |
| 英文关键词:Hulless barley Organic fertilizer substitution Growth characteristics Carbon to nitrogen ratio Nitrogen metabolism enzymes |
| 基金项目:青海省应用基础研究计划(2023-ZJ-930M) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究有机肥替代化肥对青稞生长发育的影响,以昆仑14号为材料,通过盆栽试验,研究不同有机肥替代化肥比例(0%,40%,100%,分别记为OFR0、OFR40、OFR100)对青稞生长特性、叶片碳氮平衡和氮代谢酶活性的影响。结果表明,与ORF0相比,OFR100的株高显著降低,根长显著增加；ORF40的株高于ORF0差异不显著,而根长显著增加。OFR100的地上部鲜重和干重与ORF0相比显著下降,ORF40的地上部鲜重和干重与ORF0相比变化不显著；OFR100的地下部鲜重和干重与ORF0相比显著上升,ORF40的地下部鲜重和干重与ORF0相比变化不显著。与ORF0相比,ORF100处理下青稞新叶的碳/氮和ORF40处理下青稞老叶的碳/氮显著增加,而ORF40处理下青稞鲜叶的碳/氮变化不显著。不同有机肥替代比例下,与ORF0相比,ORF40老叶中谷氨酸合成酶(GOGAT)活性在4个生育期增加1.18%～2.53%(p>0.05),谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)的活性分别增加了17.39%～39.40%(p<0.05)。而ORF40新叶中谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性在抽穗期和扬花期均高于对照,新叶中谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性在4个生育期分别增加了22.22%～35.29%(p<0.05)。综合来看,与ORF0相比,ORF40较ORF100处理青稞生长特性参数变化较小,叶片拥有更稳定的C/N,且新叶与老叶都保持了一定的氮代谢能力,其中老叶的氮代谢能力更为稳定。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the effects of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer on the growth and development of barley (Kunlun-14), a pot experiment was conducted. The study examined the impacts of different ratios of organic fertilizer replacing chemical fertilizer nitrogen (0%, 40%, 100%, denoted as OFR0, OFR40, OFR100, respectively) on the growth characteristics, leaf carbon-nitrogen balance, and nitrogen metabolism enzyme activities of barley. The results indicated that compared to OFR0, OFR100 significantly reduced plant height while significantly increasing root length. Plant height in OFR40 did not differ significantly from OFR0, but root length showed a significant increase. Above-ground fresh and dry weights of OFR100 significantly decreased compared to OFR0, whereas the above-ground fresh and dry weights of OFR40 did not show significant changes compared to OFR0. Below-ground fresh and dry weights of OFR100 significantly increased compared to OFR0, while those of OFR40 did not show significant changes compared to OFR0.Carbon/nitrogen ratios of new leaves in OFR100 and old leaves in OFR40 increased significantly, while carbon/nitrogen ratios of fresh leaves did not change significantly. Under different ratios of organic fertilizer replacement, compared to ORF0, the activity of glutamate synthase (GOGAT) in old leaves of OFR40 increased by 1.18% to 2.53% during the four growth stages (p>0.05), and the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) increased by 17.39% to 39.40% (p<0.05). The activity of glutamine synthetase (GS) in new leaves of OFR40 was higher than ORF0 during the heading and flowering stages, and the activity of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) in new leaves increased by 22.22% to 35.29% during the four growth stages (p<0.05).In summary, compared to OFR100, OFR40 resulted in relatively minor changes in barley growth characteristics, with leaves maintaining a more stable C/N ratio. Both new and old leaves exhibited a certain level of nitrogen metabolism capability, with old leaves showing greater stability in nitrogen metabolism in ORF40. |
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