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作者	单位
宋晓霞,吉万全	（1.河南省漯河市农业科学院，河南漯河 462000； 2.西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100）

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中文摘要:

为掌握黄淮南片小麦品种（系）的生产潜力，对2009-2017年度黄淮南片小麦区试参试品种（系）进行分析。结果显示：（1）黄淮南片冬麦区已初步形成科研院所和企业双主体的育种体系，9年内参试品种（系）共283个，其中教学科研单位提供的参试品种（系）155个，通过国家审定的60个，育种效率为42.27%；农业企业提供的参试品种（系）115个，通过国家审定的44个，育种效率为38.26%；（2）黄淮南片小麦育种水平逐年提高，产量稳步增加，品种改良效果明显，9年间，冬水组小麦产量增加32.84 kg·667 m^-2，年均增产3.65 kg·667 m^-2，春水组产量增加22.38 kg·667 m^-2，年均增产2.49 kg·667 m^-2；（3）育种方法上仍以传统杂交育种为主，品种遗传同质化严重，抗逆性风险加大，283个参试品种（系）和107个审定品种中，以杂交育种方法育成的分别为269个（95.05%）和102个（95.33%）。分析参试品种的系谱发现，周麦系列和百农系列亲缘系数值（COP）之和为39.82，占一级系谱COP总和的18.02%；周麦系列COP之和为20.42，占二级系谱COP总和的7.73%。

英文摘要:

To evaluated the potential productivity of new varieties, The the tested wheat varieties(lines) in Southern Huang-huai Region were analyzed using the data results of the 2009-2017 analysis of the South Huang-Huai Wheat Regionfrom 2009 to 2017. The statistics results showed that:(1) Tthe two types of main breeding system group comprised by scientific research units and enterprise was were formed, including scientific research institutes and enterprises. In the last 9 nine years, 283 tested varieties(lines) participated in 32 wheat national trials, meanwhile and 107 varieties were certificated by the National Approving Units(37.81% breeding efficiency, BE, etc.). There were 6 universities(32 test varieties(lines), 8 certificated, 25.00% BE), 26 scientific research institutions(123 test varieties(lines), 52 certificated, 42.27% BE), 46 enterprises(115 test varieties(lines), 44 certificated, 38.26% BE) and other units(13 test varieties(lines), 3 certificated, 23.07% BE).(2) The breeding level and the yield were constantly further improved. In the last 9 years,the early sowing group yield was increased by 32.84 kg·667 m^-2 with the 3.65 kg·667 m^-2 average increased annual yield; meanwhile the late sowing group yield was increased by 22.38 kg·667 m^-2, with the 2.49 kg·667 m^-2 average increased annual yield. At the same time, the average yield of all tested varieties was 518.07 kg·667 m^-2(with the semi-winter wheat was 529.86 kg·667 m^-2 and the semi-spring wheat was 511 kg·667 m^-2).(3) The breeding method was still dominated by traditional methods, meanwhile the genetic background of the varieties were homogenized seriously. Among the 283 tested advance lines and 107 approved varieties, 269(95.05%) and 102(95.33%) were bred by traditional cross method. The pedigree analysis of all the tested lines showed that Zhoumai series and Bainong series varieties were the first top two of the first-grade parents in the tested lines, and the coefficient of parentage(COP) was 39.82, which was accounted for 18.02% of the first-grade parents.Zhoumai series varieties were the first parents of second-grade parents in the tested lines, and the coefficient of parentage(COP) was 20.42, which was 7.73% of the second-grade parents.

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