| 仝靖洋，李少鹏，刘胜杰，张琳雪，梁园园，张 哲，聂小军，李学军，王中华，高 欣.小麦粒重基因等位变异的高通量分子检测及组合分析[J].麦类作物学报,2018,(11):1300 |
| 小麦粒重基因等位变异的高通量分子检测及组合分析 |
| High-Throughput Molecular Detection and Analysis of Allelic Variation Combinations Related to Grain Weight Genes of Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2018.11.06 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 粒重基因 等位变异 高分辨率熔解曲线（HRM） |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Genes related to grain weight Allelic variation High-resolution melting curve(HRM) |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31501300）；大学生创新训练计划项目（201710712002）；陕西省创新团队项目（2014KCT-25）；陕西省重点研发计划项目（2018NY-030，2018NY-056） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| TaCwi-A1、 TaGW2-6A及 TaSus2-2B基因是调控小麦粒重的基因，目前已发现 TaCwi-A1基因存在 TaCwi-A1a和 TaCwi-A1b两种等位变异， TaGW2-6A存在启动子区 Hap-6A-A和Hap-6A-G及编码区一个T碱基插入等位变异， TaSus2-2B存在 SUS2-2B-H和 SUS2-2B-L两种等位变异。为了探究小麦粒重基因的综合效应，为粒重基因的分子辅助聚合育种提供方法依据与优异材料，本研究利用高分辨率熔解曲线分析（high-resolution melting curve analysis，HRM）技术分别检测了上述4个位点在262份小麦微核心种质材料中的变异类型，分析了不同变异及变异组合与粒长、粒宽和千粒重的相关性，并对变异组合在我国十个麦区的分布情况进行了分析。结果表明， TaCwi-A1a单倍型品种的千粒重显著高于 TaCwi-A1b（P<0.05）； Hap-6A-A单倍型与Hap-6A-G单倍型品种的粒长、粒宽及千粒重均无显著差异，T碱基插入等位变异（命名为TT单倍型）材料的粒宽和千粒重显著高于无T碱基插入等位变异（tt）材料（P<0.05）； SUS2-2B-H单倍型品种的粒长和粒宽显著（P<0.05）高于 SUS2-2B-L单倍型品种，千粒重极显著（P<0.01）高于 SUS2-2B-L单倍型品种。对变异组合的分析表明，262份材料中仅出现了8种组合类型，变异组合与粒长及千粒重呈极显著相关（P<0.01），与粒宽相关不显著，其中Ⅳ型组合（ TaCwi-A1a/Hap-6A-G/tt/SUS2-2B-H）为最优组合，Ⅲ型组合（ TaCwi-A1a/Hap-6A-G/TT/SUS2-2B-L）为最差组合。我国十个麦区中七个麦区Ⅲ型组合分布频率最高，仅青藏麦区Ⅳ型组合分布频率较高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| TaCwi-A1, TaGW2-6A and TaSus2-2B are the genes controlling grain weight. TaCwi-A1 has two allelic variations, TaCwi-A1a and TaCwi-A1b; TaGW2-6A has two allelic variations in the promoter region, designated as Hap-6A-A and Hap-6A-G, and two allelic variations in the coding region, designated as TT and tt. TaSus2-2B has the allelic variations of SUS2-2B-H and SUS2-2B-L. In order to clarify the comprehensive effects of the allelic variations of grain weight genes, the high-resolution melting curve analysis(HRM) was used to detect the above-mentioned four groups of variation in 262 wheat micro-core germplasms. The correlations between different combinations of variation and grain length, grain width and thousand grain weight(TGW) were analyzed, and the frequency of variation combinations in ten wheat regions in China was analyzed. The results showed that the TGW of TaCwi-A1a haplogroup was significantly higher than that of TaCwi-A1b(P<0.05), while Hap-6A-A and Hap-6A-G haplotypes showed no significant difference in grain length, grain width or TGW(P<0.05). The grain width and TGW of TT haplotype were significantly higher than that of tt(P<0.05 ). The grain length, grain width and TGW of SUS2-2B-H haplotype were significantly higher than those of SUS2-2B-L. The analysis of variation combinations showed that there were only eight combinations in 262 varieties, and the variation combinations were significantly correlated with grain length and TGW(P<0.01), but not with grain width. The optimal combination for grain size was type Ⅳ(TaCwi-A1a/HAP-6A-G/TT/SUS2-2B-L), and the worst combination was type III(TaCwi-A1a/HAP-6A-G/TT/SUS2-2B-L). The frequency of type Ⅲ was the highest in the seven of the ten wheat regions in China, indicating that there is much potential to improve grain size in wheat breeding programmes. In this study, we demonstrated the comprehensive effects of the allelic variations of grain weight genes, and established high-throughput molecular detection technology and wheat accessions with the superior variation for molecular-assisted polymerization breeding. |
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