| 霍成斌，李岩华，王高鸿，张俊灵，阎金龙.冬小麦不同种植行对秸秆覆盖响应的差异[J].麦类作物学报,2018,(1):97 |
| 冬小麦不同种植行对秸秆覆盖响应的差异 |
| Response Differences in Different Planting Rows of Winter Wheat to Straw Mulching |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2018.01.14 |
| 中文关键词: 冬小麦 种植行 秸秆覆盖 响应 |
| 英文关键词:Winter wheat Planting row Straw mulching Response |
| 基金项目:山西省农科院攻关项目（2013YGG008）；山西省农科院重点项目（YZD1403）；山西省农科院一类重点项目（YGG1642）；山西省农科院特色农业技术攻关项目（2017-24） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为给玉米秸秆覆盖冬小麦的合理行数以及行距配置提供理论依据，研究了小麦不同种植行（行距20 cm）对玉米秸秆覆盖的响应差异，分析了覆盖带宽及种植带行距和行数对小麦产量的影响。结果表明，秸秆覆盖对麦田0~10 cm土壤表现出增温（返青、拔节和成熟期）和降温（抽穗和灌浆期）的双重效应，同时具有明显的保墒和促进植株干物质积累的作用，且随覆盖量的增加，覆盖效应呈先增后减趋势；产量、耗水量和水分利用效率对秸秆覆盖量的反应也表现出相同的趋势，但只有4 500 kg·hm-2 覆盖量处理的产量和水分利用效率显著高于CK（不覆盖）。在同一覆盖量下，秸秆覆盖对土壤温度、水分含量、干物质积累、产量、耗水量及水分利用效率的影响总体上随种植行离覆盖带距离的增大而减弱。在不同栽培模式中，以行距16 cm、种6行、覆盖带宽35 cm的模式产量最高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide a theoretical basis for rational row number and row spacing configuration of maize straw mulching, the response differences of different wheat planting lines (20 cm) to maize straw mulching were studied, and the effects of covering width, planting distance and number of rows on wheat yield were analysed. The results showed that, straw mulching showed the double effect on temperature increase (turning green, jointing and mature) and cooling (heading and filling) in 0-10 cm soil, which had significant effect on soil moisture and promoting plant dry matter accumulation simultaneously, and the covering effect was increased first and then decreased with the increase of the coverage. The yield, water consumption and water use efficiency also showed the same trend in response to straw mulching, where only the yield and water use efficiency of 4 500 kg·hm-2 treatment were significantly higher than those of CK.Under the same coverage, the effects of straw mulching on soil temperature, water content, dry matter accumulation, yield, water consumption and water use efficiency were weakened with the distance increase of planting rows from the coverage. In different cultivation modes, the yield was highest in the mode of row spacing 16 cm, planting 6 lines and coverage bandwidth 35 cm. |
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