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作者	单位
张华宁，刘子会，李国良，张红梅，张艳敏，段硕楠，郭秀林	（河北省农林科学院遗传生理研究所/河北省植物转基因中心重点实验室，河北石家庄 050051）

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中文摘要:

为研究盐胁迫下小麦维持钾、钠平衡的生理机制，以耐盐小麦沧麦6005和盐敏感小麦矮抗58为材料，利用TEA、NEM、Ba(NO₃)₂三种药物分别抑制钾离子通道、钾载体及非选择性阳离子通道，测定正常及盐胁迫下小麦叶片K⁺、Na⁺含量，比较耐盐性不同的小麦品种在K⁺、Na⁺吸收中的差异。结果显示，盐胁迫下，沧麦6005和矮抗58叶片K⁺含量下降，Na⁺含量增加；沧麦6005叶片Na⁺含量低于矮抗58，K⁺/Na⁺比值高于矮抗58。正常条件下，NEM、TEA处理均可降低沧麦6005和矮抗58叶片K⁺含量，NEM处理较TEA处理效果更为明显；TEA处理显著降低了盐胁迫下矮抗58叶片K⁺含量，而NEM处理则明显降低了盐胁迫下沧麦6005的叶片K⁺含量；TEA、NEM、Ba(NO₃)₂处理降低了盐胁迫下矮抗58叶片Na⁺含量，仅NEM处理降低了沧麦6005叶片Na⁺含量。综上所述，正常条件下，钾载体是小麦K⁺吸收的主要方式；盐胁迫下，耐盐品种和盐敏感品种K⁺吸收途径不同，耐盐品种的NSCCs和钾离子通道具有更强的“拒钠”能力。

英文摘要:

K⁺ and Na⁺ can enter into the plants through K⁺ channel, potassium transporters and nonselective cation channels(NSCCs). Tetraethyl ammonium chloride(TEA), N-ethylmaleimide(NEM) and Ba(NO₃)₂ were used to inhibit K⁺ channel,potassium transporter and NSCCs,respectively, which can investigate the contribution of each path for K⁺ or Na⁺ uptake. This study aimed to understand the difference between salt-tolerant wheat and salt-sensitive wheat in K⁺ and Na⁺ uptake under salt stress through the paths inhibited by TEA, NEM, Ba(NO₃)₂. Cang 6005(salt-tolerant cultivar) and Aikang 58(salt-sensitive cultivar) were used as materials. The K⁺ and Na⁺ content in leaves of two wheat cultivars were tested and compared after the seedlings were treated with salt or inhibitors. The results showed that the K⁺ content in leaves of Cang 6005 and Aikang 58 decreased significantly while Na⁺ content increased sharply on the third day under salt stress.The Na⁺ content in leaves of Cang 6005 was consistently lower than that of Aikang 58.The ratio of K⁺/Na⁺ in leaves of Cang 6005 was higher than that of Aikang 58.The treatment with NEM or TEA could cause the decline of K⁺ content in two wheat cultivars, and the effect of NEM was more significant than that of TEA under normal growth conditions. Under salt stress, the lower K⁺ content in leaves of Aikang 58 was caused by the treatment with TEA, while that in Cang 6005 was caused by the treatment with NEM. The Na⁺ content in leaves in Aikang 58 was dropped by TEA, NEM, Ba(NO₃)₂, but that of Cang 6005 was dropped only by NEM. The above results suggested that K⁺ transporters play an important role in the potassium uptake of wheat under normal growth conditions. Under salt stress, the way of potassium uptake in the salt-tolerant cultivar is different from that in salt sensitive cultivar. The potassium uptake in salt sensitive wheat cultivar mainly depends on the K⁺ channels, while that mainly depends on K⁺ transporters in salt-tolerant cultivar. In addition, NSCCs and K⁺ channels in Cang 6005 has higher ability to exclude Na⁺ than in Aikang 58.

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