| 于梦娇，靳海洋，闫雅倩，宋晓朋，程红建，王家瑞，宋 航，方保停，贺德先，李向东，杨习文.耕作模式对砂姜黑土理化性质和冬小麦产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2026,(8):1120 |
| 耕作模式对砂姜黑土理化性质和冬小麦产量的影响 |
| Effects of Tillage Patterns on the Physicochemical Properties of Lime Concretion Black Soil and the Yield of Winter Wheat |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 耕作模式 土壤 有机质 容重 酶活性 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Tillage pattern Soil Organic matter Bulk density Enzyme activity Yield |
| 基金项目:河南省重点研发专项（251111110900）；河南省重大科技专项（231100110200）；河南省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项（HARS-22-01-G5）；河南省科协青年人才托举工程项目（2025HYTP073）；河南省农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（2026ZC02）；河南省农业科学院科技创新团队项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明不同耕作模式对砂姜黑土土壤质量和小麦产量的影响，设置旋耕两遍（T1）、翻耕+旋耕两遍（T2）、翻耕+旋耕两遍+镇压（T3）、翻耕+驱动耙1遍+镇压（T4）4种耕作模式处理，分析不同耕作模式对土壤物理性状、养分转化酶活性、有机质与速效养分含量以及小麦产量的调控效应。结果表明，与T1处理相比，T3、T4处理显著增加越冬期0~10 cm土壤容重，降低越冬期10~30 cm土壤容重；T4处理显著增加越冬期20~30 cm和成熟期0~10 cm土壤含水量、贮水量；T4处理显著增加20~40 cm土壤纤维二糖水解酶和0~40 cm土壤β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性，增加20~40 cm土壤无机氮含量和0~20 cm土壤速效磷含量；T4处理显著增加拔节期单株次生根数、开花期和成熟期干物质积累量、穗数和籽粒产量，产量增幅为11.62%，经济效益增加2 071.26元·hm-2。综上所述，翻耕+驱动耙1遍+镇压的耕作模式有利于改善砂姜黑土理化性质与酶活性，提高小麦产量，可作为区域小麦高效生产适宜的耕作模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To investigate the impact of different tillage patterns on the soil quality and wheat yield in lime concretion black soil, four tillage treatments were set up: twice rotary tillage(T1), plowing + twice rotary tillage(T2), plowing+ twice rotary tillage + rolling(T3), and plowing + one pass with a driven cultivator + rolling(T4). The effects of these treatments on soil physical properties, nutrient conversion enzyme activity, organic matter, available nutrient content, and wheat yield were analyzed. Results showed that compared to T1, T3 and T4 significantly increased the bulk density of 0-10 cm soil during the overwintering period and reduced the bulk density of 10-30 cm soil. T4 significantly increased soil moisture and water storage in the 20-30 cm layer during the overwintering period and the 0-10 cm layer during the maturity period. T4 also significantly enhanced the activity of cellobiose hydrolase in the 20-40 cm soil layer and β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase in the 0-40 cm soil layer, increased inorganic nitrogen content in the 20-40 cm soil layer, and elevated available phosphorus content in the 0-20 cm soil layer. T4 significantly increased the number of secondary roots per plant during the jointing stage, dry matter accumulation at the flowering and maturity stages, spike number, and grain yield, with a yield increase of 11.62% and an economic benefit gain of 2,071.26 yuan·hm-2. In summary, the tillage pattern of plowing + one pass with a driven cultivator + rolling is effective in improving the physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of lime concretion black soil, enhancing wheat yield, and can serve as a suitable tillage mode for high-efficiency wheat production in the region. |
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