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作者	单位
孙圣洁，郭笑冉，陈军，张鑫，何家乐，张傲琰，张传量，宋鹏博，赵文莎，赵慧玲，卢佳，魏俊杰，孙道杰	（1.西北农林科技大学农学院/重点实验室,陕西杨凌 712100； 2.三原县农业科学技术中心,陕西咸阳 713800）

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中文摘要:

株高是影响小麦抗倒伏性和产量的重要农艺性状。为解析小麦株高的遗传基础并挖掘稳定调控位点，以来源于黄淮麦区的339份小麦自然群体为试验材料，结合9个环境下的株高表型数据和21K单核苷酸多态性(SNP)芯片基因型数据，采用混合线性模型开展全基因组关联分析（GWAS）。对关键关联区间进行连锁不平衡（LD）与单倍型分析，并利用包含327份材料、基于660K SNP芯片的自然群体进行跨群体验证，同时对关键区间进行基因注释并筛选候选基因。结果表明，共鉴定到66个与株高显著相关的稳定QTL。其中，在6D染色体490.34~492.42 Mb区间检测到一个新的主效稳定位点QPh.nwafu-6D，该位点在8个环境中稳定表达，平均表型变异解释率为8.23%；该区间可划分为2个LD区块，Block2中鉴定到3种单倍型，优势单倍型Block2_Hap1（频率84.1%）携带材料的株高显著低于其他单倍型，且在多个环境中与较高的千粒重显著相关。通过跨群体验证，核心SNP标记（SNP_Chr6D_492211566）Block2_Hap1基因型材料株高极显著低于Block2_Hap2基因型材料（P<0.001）。在该区间（490.34~492.42 Mb）进一步注释筛选到8个候选基因，功能上主要涉及激酶信号、转录调控、泛素化降解与激素响应等过程。

英文摘要:

Plant height(PH) is an important agronomic trait affecting lodging resistance and yield in wheat. To dissect the genetic basis of PH and identify stable loci, we analyzed a natural population of 339 wheat accessions from the Huang-Huai wheat region using PH phenotypes collected across nine environments and genotypes obtained with a 21K single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) array. Genome-wide association study(GWAS) was conducted using a mixed linear model(MLM). Linkage disequilibrium(LD) and haplotype analyses were performed for the key associated interval, and the association was further validated in a natural population of 327 accessions genotyped with a 660K SNP array. Candidate genes within the target interval were annotated and prioritized. In total, 66 stable QTLs significantly associated with PH were identified. A novel major and stable QTL, QPh.nwafu-6D, was detected on chromosome 6D(490.34-492.42 Mb) and was consistently detected in eight environments, explaining 8.23% of the phenotypic variance on average. The interval was divided into two LD blocks. In Block2, three haplotypes were identified, and the favorable haplotype Block2_Hap1(frequency 84.1%) showed significantly reduced PH compared with other haplotypes and was significantly associated with higher thousand-kernel weight in multiple environments. In the validation population, accessions carrying the Block2_Hap1 genotype at the core SNP marker SNP_Chr6D_492211566 exhibited significantly lower PH than those with the Block2_Hap2 genotype(P<0.001). Eight candidate genes were further prioritized in this interval, mainly involved in kinase signaling, transcriptional regulation, ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation, and hormone responses.

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