| 刘 伟，郝水源，卢倩倩，陈 龙.小麦HMG家族鉴定及其对干旱与磷胁迫的响应[J].麦类作物学报,2026,(8):1029 |
| 小麦HMG家族鉴定及其对干旱与磷胁迫的响应 |
| Identification of the HMG Family in Wheat and Its Response to Drought and Phosphorus Starvation Stresses |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 HMG家族 干旱胁迫 磷胁迫 基因表达 |
| 英文关键词:Triticum aestivum HMG family Drought stress Phosphorus stress Gene expression |
| 基金项目:黄河流域硬质小麦产业化能力提升“科技兴蒙”行动重点专项(NMKJXM202201) ；巴彦淖尔市科技计划项目（NMKJXM202408） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 高迁移率族蛋白（HMG）是真核生物染色质动态调控的关键因子。为了解小麦HMG家族在干旱和磷饥饿胁迫下的动态响应规律，基于普通小麦参考基因组（IWGSC Ref Seq V1.0），通过生物信息学方法鉴定TaHMG家族成员，对其理化性质、系统进化、共线性及启动子顺式作用元件进行分析，并整合公共转录组数据与qRT-PCR，检测该家族成员的组织表达特性，及其在干旱胁迫（15% PEG6000）和缺磷胁迫（0 μmol·L-1 Pi）不同时间（0、1、3、6、12、24 h）的表达模式。结果表明，共鉴定出32个TaHMG基因，系统进化分析将其划分为HMGA（9个）和HMGB（23个）两个亚家族；共线性分析表明该家族进化受纯化选择主导；启动子分析显示，TaHMG基因富含脱落酸（ABRE）及茉莉酸甲酯等激素与胁迫响应元件。qRT-PCR检测出Ta-6D-HMGB1、Ta-3D-HMGB1及Ta-7D-HMGB2在叶片中高表达，Ta-2D-HMGB1、Ta-5A-HMGB1和Ta-7D-HMGB1在茎中高表达。干旱胁迫下，5个TaHMG基因在处理早期（3或6 h）即被快速诱导，而Ta-7D-HMGB2呈现先抑制（0~3 h）后上调（6 h）的表达模式；缺磷胁迫下，不同TaHMG基因表达高峰出现在处理后12 或24 h。综上，小麦HMG家族基因通过差异化表达适应非生物胁迫，其中Ta-7D-HMG2、Ta-3D-HMGB1等胁迫响应基因可作为抗逆分子育种的候选基因。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| High mobility group(HMG) proteins are key regulators of chromatin dynamics in eukaryotes. To investigate the dynamic responses of the wheat HMG family to drought and phosphate starvation, a genome-wide identification of the TaHMG genes was performed based on the common wheat reference genome(IWGSC Ref Seq V1.0). Bioinformatic analyses were conducted to determine the physicochemical properties, phylogeny, collinearity, and promoter cis-elements of the family members. Public transcriptome data and quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) were integrated to examine tissue-specific expression patterns and temporal expression profiles under drought stress(15% PEG6000; 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h) and phosphate starvation(0 μmol·L-1 Pi; 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h). A total of 32 TaHMG genes were identified, which were phylogenetically divided into two subfamilies: HMGA(9 members) and HMGB(23 members). Collinearity analysis indicated that the family evolved predominantly under purifying selection. Promoter analysis revealed that TaHMG genes are enriched in hormone and stress-responsive elements, including abscisic acid(ABRE) and methyl jasmonate(MeJA)-responsive motifs. qRT-PCR showed that Ta-6D-HMGB1, Ta-3D-HMGB1 and Ta-7D-HMGB2 were highly expressed in leaves, whereas Ta-2D-HMGB1, Ta-5A-HMGB1, and Ta-7D-HMGB1 were highly expressed in stems. Under drought stress, five TaHMG genes were rapidly induced at early stage(3 or 6 h), while Ta-7D-HMGB2 was initially suppressed(0-3 h) and subsequently up-regulated(6 h). Under phosphate starvation, expression peaks of different members occurred at 12 or 24 h post treatment, revealing temporal specificity and functional divergence among genes. Collectively, members of the wheat HMG family adapt to abiotic stresses through differential expression, and stress-responsive genes such as Ta-7D-HMG2 and Ta-3D-HMGB1 represent promising candidates for molecular breeding of stress tolerance. |
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