| To investigate the effects of late spring coldness on wheat plant morphology and yield traits, 18 wheat varieties(lines), including C112-8, Aikang 58, and Bainong 207, were used as experimental materials. During the anther interval formation stage, low temperature stress was simulated using a low-temperature incubator to mimic late spring coldness. The study analyzed changes in leaf and spike frost damage, plant height, and yield after the occurrence of late spring coldness, as well as the cold resistance of different wheat materials. The results showed that wheat leaf yellowed, leaf area decreased, plant height decreased, and spike type decreased after low temperature stress treatment. Low temperature stress resulted in the decrease of panicle number, grain number per spike and 1 000-grain weight, and finally decreased the yield. Through principal component analysis of 13 traits three principal components with characteristic values greater than 1 were extracted, and their cumulative contribution rate reached 82.954%. Cluster analysis was conducted on the 18 wheat materials based on the comprehensive value of membership functions(D value), where Aikang 58, Baoyan 12, and Hemai 918 exhibited strong resistance to late spring coldness. Hengmai H195105, Nongda 1980, Zhengmai 366, Xinong 529, Shaanmai 139, Taikemai 0311, Xinong 20, Yingbo 700, and Bainong 207 showed medium resistance to late spring coldness, while the remaining wheat materials had weaker resistance. |
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