| 罗永露，陈天青，隋建枢，吴文强，颜思雨，王 伟.80份贵州小麦品种(系)的抗赤霉病评价及分析[J].麦类作物学报,2026,(1):22 |
| 80份贵州小麦品种(系)的抗赤霉病评价及分析 |
| Analysis and Evaluation of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight in 80 Wheat Varieties(Lines) from Guizhou Province |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 赤霉病 抗性 分子标记 农艺性状 种质资源 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat FHB Resistances Molecular marker Agronomic traits Germplasm resources |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK\[2023\]一般170，黔科合支撑\[2024\]一般109)；贵州省农科院项目\[黔农科青年基金(2023)23号，黔农科科技创新（2023）02号\]；国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3-86)；国家农业科技重大项目（NK20220607）；贵州省育种科研基础平台创新能力建设项目（黔科合服企\[2022\]014）；贵州省特色杂粮生物育种全省重点实验室项目（黔科合平台ZSYS\[2025\]026） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为有效降低赤霉病对中国西南麦区小麦生产的影响，发掘赤霉病抗性种质资源和抗性基因，2022—2024年，采用单花滴注接种法对种植于贵州的80份小麦品种(系) 进行田间赤霉病抗性鉴定，测定其千粒重、株高、穗粒数等农艺性状，并利用与Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4、Fhb5、Fhb7和QFhs.crc-2DL紧密连锁的11个分子标记进行抗性基因检测。结果表明，59份品种（系）携带抗病基因，Fhb1、Fhb2、Fhb4、Fhb5、Fhb7和QFhs.crc-2DL的检出频率分别为37.50%、28.75%、22.50%、40.00%、2.50%和23.75%，37份品种（系）同时携带2~4个抗病基因，其中Fhb1+Fhb2+Fhb5和Fhb1+Fhb5组合检出频率最高，分别为8.75%和6.25%。两年的抗性鉴定共计筛选出11份抗性品种（系）。综合分析发现，黔0938-3、黔15168和黔13夏163F8-5共3个品种（系）的抗病性好且农艺性状优良,可作为小麦抗赤霉病遗传改良的种质资源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to effectively reduce the impact of Fusarium head blight(FHB) on wheat production in southwestern China and explore resistance germplasm resources and genes against FHB, the study was conducted from 2022 to 2024 on agronomic traits such as thousand grain weight, plant height and grain number per ear of 80 wheat varieties(lines) grown in Guizhou. Single flower drip inoculation method was used to identify the phenotype resistance of FHB in the field, combined with 11 pairs of molecular markers closely linked to Fhb1, Fhb2, Fhb4, Fhb5, Fhb7 and QFhs.crc-2DL for detection. The molecular detection results showed that 59 varieties(lines) carried disease resistance genes, among which the frequencies of Fhb1,Fhb2, Fhb4, Fhb5, Fhb7 and QFhs.crc-2DL were 37.50%, 28.75%, 22.50%, 40.00%, 2.50% and 23.75%, respectively. A total of 37 varieties(lines) simultaneously carried 2 to 4 disease resistance genes, with the combinations of Fhb1+Fhb2+Fhb5 and Fhb1+Fhb5 exhibiting detection frequencies of 8.75% and 6.25%, respectively. After two years of resistance identification, a total of 11 resistant varieties(lines) were screened. Comprehensive analysis revealed that three varieties(lines), namely Qian 0938-3, Qian 15168 and Qian 13 Xia 163F8-5, performed good disease resistance and excellent agronomic traits, which can be used as germplasm resources for genetic improvement of wheat resistance to FHB. |
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