| Wheat yellow mosaic disease, caused by wheat yellow mosaic virus(WYMV) and transmitted via the soil-borne vector Polymyxa graminis, is one of the most devastating soil-borne viral diseases affecting wheat production in China. In recent years, its incidence in the Huang-Huai wheat-growing region has shown an escalating trend, posing significant challenges for disease control. This study aimed to screen elite germplasms and genetic resources resistant to wheat yellow mosaic disease by conducting phenotypic evaluations and molecular marker detection for major resistance genes. Field resistance assessments were performed on 158 wheat varieties(lines) across three environments over two consecutive years in the Huang-Huai region, and genotype screening was carried out using molecular markers linked to major resistance genes/QTLs. Phenotypic analysis revealed that 26, 35 and 10 accessions were consistently classified as immune, highly resistant and moderately resistant to WYMV across all three environments, accounting for 16.5%, 22.2% and 6.3% of the total, respectively. In contrast, 72(45.5%) and 15(9.5%) varieties(lines) were moderately susceptible and highly susceptible, respectively. Molecular marker detection identified 39(24.7%), 48(30.4%) and 3(1.9%) accessions carrying the resistance genes/QTLs QYm.nau-2D, Ym2 and QYm.njau-5A.1, respectively. Notably, accessions individually carrying QYm.nau-2D, QYm.njau-5A.1 or the combination of QYm.nau-2D and Ym2 exhibited enhanced disease resistance. Based on integrated phenotypic and genotypic analyses, 61 immune or highly resistant wheat varieties(lines), including Yunong 907, Yunong 908, Zhoumai 30, were identified as valuable genetic resources for breeding and deployment of WYMV-resistant wheat varieties. These materials provide a foundation for improving disease-resistant germplasms and exploring novel resistance genes. |
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