| 裴栋栋, 张弯弯, 王永霞, 任 伟, 董海滨，齐学礼，许为钢.河南省冬小麦品种（系）主要品质相关基因的分布[J].麦类作物学报,2025,(12):1628 |
| 河南省冬小麦品种（系）主要品质相关基因的分布 |
| Distribution of Major Quality Related Genes in Winter Wheat Varieties(Lines) in Henan Province |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 高分子量麦谷蛋白 低分子量麦谷蛋白 面粉色泽 1BL/1RS易位 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat HMW-GS LMW-GS Flour color 1BL/1RS translocation |
| 基金项目:国家小麦产业技术体系专项(CARS-03-7)；河南省农业科学院自主创新基金项目(2024ZC021，2024CZ020)；农业生物种质资源挖掘与创新利用重点专项(2021YFD1200600) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为给小麦品质遗传改良提供参考，利用17个特异性分子标记对近10年河南省选育的小麦品种（系）中的HMW-GS、LMW-GS、面粉色泽和1BL/1RS易位等主要品质性状相关基因进行了分析。结果表明：（1）供试品种（系）中,HMW-GS存在9种等位基因变异和19种基因组合，其中Glu-A1、Glu-B1和Glu-D1位点的主要基因分别为Ax1（80.20%）、By8（44.42%）和Dx2+Dy12（69.54%）；主要组合为Ax1/Bx7+By9/Dx2+Dy12（29.44%）和Ax1/Bx7+By8/Dx2+Dy12（23.60%）。（2）LMW-GS存在8种等位基因变异和12种基因组合，Glu-A3位点和Glu-B3位点的主要基因为Glu-A3c（53.30%）和Glu-B3d（23.35%）；主要组合为Glu-A3c/Glu-B3d（14.47%）。（3）面粉色泽相关基因中以高PPO活性基因Ppo-A1a（63.45%）和高黄色素含量基因Psy-A1a（73.60%）为主。（4）1BL/1RS易位品种（系）占比较高，频率为71.07%。综合来看，河南省小麦品种（系）的品质相关基因具有丰富的多样性，不同基因组合出现频率差异明显，建议在小麦品质育种中，根据改良目标选择亚基效应具有优势互补的基因进行聚合，同时加强Ppo-A1b和Psy-A1b的选择和应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide a reference for the genetic improvement of wheat quality, 17 specific molecular markers were used to analyze the main quality-related genes such as HMW-GS, LMW-GS, flour color and 1BL/1RS translocation in the wheat varieties(lines) selected in Henan Province in the past 10 years. The results showed that:(1) A total of 9 allele variants and 19 gene combinations were detected in HMW-GS, among which the majority genes at Glu-A1, Glu-B1 and Glu-D1 are Ax1(80.20%), By8(44.42%) and Dx2+Dy12(69.54%), respectively. The main combinations were Ax1/Bx7+By9/Dx2+Dy12(29.44%) and Ax1/Bx7+By8/Dx2+Dy12(23.60%). (2)A total of 8 allele variants and 12 gene combinations were detected in LMW-GS, and the majority genes at Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 are Glu-A3c(53.30%) and Glu-B3d (23.35%). The main combination is Glu-A3c/Glu-B3d(14.47%). (3) Among the genes related to flour color, Ppo-A1a(63.45%) and Psy-A1a(73.60%) are the main genes with high yellow pigment content. (4) The proportion of 1BL/1RS translocation varieties(lines) is high, and the frequency is 71.07%. In conclusion, the quality-related genes of wheat varieties(lines) in Henan Province have rich diversity, the frequency of different gene combinations is very different. It is suggested that in wheat quality breeding, genes with complementary subunit effects should be selected according to the improvement goal for polymerization, and the selection and application of Ppo-A1b and Psy-A1b should be strengthened. |
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