| 刘晓雨，薛琛婧，汪晓璐，王 开，徐文竞，祁 广，马朋涛，韩 冉，刘 成.小麦花培高愈伤诱导率基因型筛选及培养基优化[J].麦类作物学报,2025,(12):1620 |
| 小麦花培高愈伤诱导率基因型筛选及培养基优化 |
| Genotype Screening and Medium Optimization of High Callus Induction Rate in Wheat Anther Culture |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 花药离体培养 基因型筛选 激素 碳源 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Anther culture in vitro Genotype screening Hormones Carbon source |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划项目（2023CXPT016）；国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFD1201005）；山东省科技示范工程项目（2024SFGC0402）；山东省小麦产业技术体系项目（SDAIT-01-01） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了获得高愈伤诱导率小麦及提高小麦花药离体培养效率，利用W14mf培养基对22份小麦材料进行愈伤诱导率的筛选，同时以W14mf培养基为基础，设置不同添加浓度的2,4-D（1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5和3.0 mg·L-1）、6-BA(0、1.0、2.0、3.0和4.0 mg·L-1)、ABA(0、0.2、0.3和0.4 mg·L-1) 和阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白(0、10.0、50.0、200.0和400.0 mg·L-1),分析激素和碳源对不同小麦基因型愈伤诱导率的影响。结果表明，利用W14mf培养基共筛选出5份愈伤诱导率>50%的材料（济麦221001、烟农1212、石麦366、济麦35和烟农999），其愈伤诱导率分别为132%、87%、84%、81%和76%。仅调整2,4-D浓度时，参试材料中济麦262愈伤诱导率在2.0 mg·L-1浓度下最大，济麦38和济糯116愈伤诱导率分别在1.0和1.5 mg·L-1浓度下最大。仅调整6-BA的添加浓度时，济麦262愈伤诱导率在1.0 mg·L-1浓度下最大，济麦38和济糯116愈伤诱导率分别在0和2.0 mg·L-1浓度下最大。仅调整ABA的添加浓度时，济麦4072愈伤诱导率在0.2 mg·L-1浓度下最大，济南17愈伤诱导率在0 mg·L-1浓度下最大。这说明2,4-D、6-BA和ABA的添加浓度受基因型影响较大，不同品种的添加浓度不同。仅调整阿拉伯半乳糖蛋白（AGP）的添加浓度时，所有参试材料愈伤诱导率在400.0 mg·L-1浓度下均最大，与不添加处理相比，济麦38和济麦4075的愈伤诱导率分别提升1.5和8.0倍，济麦22愈伤诱导率虽仅为4.5%，但实现了在培养基W14mf上愈伤诱导率零的突破，另外参试的4个小麦材料的愈伤诱导率也均提升，说明添加AGP可以打破基因型的限制，有效提高小麦花药离体培养的愈伤诱导率。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to screen for high callus induction rate wheat and improve the efficiency of wheat anther culture in vitro, 22 wheat materials were selected for callus induction rate using W14mf medium. Based on W14mf medium, different concentrations of 2,4-D(1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mg·L-1), 6-BA(0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mg·L-1), ABA(0, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mg·L-1), and arabinogalactan protein(0, 10.0, 50.0, 200.0, and 400.0 mg·L-1) were added to analyze the effects of hormones and carbon sources on callus induction rate of different wheat genotypes(Jimai 262, Jimai 38, and Jinuo 116). The results showed that five materials with callus induction rates over 50%(Jimai 221001, Yannong 1212, Shimai 366, Jimai 35, and Yannong 999) were screened using W14mf medium, with callus induction rates of 132%, 87%, 84%, 81%, and 76%, respectively. When only adjusting the concentration of 2,4-D, Jimai 262 had the highest callus induction rate in the tested materials at 2.0 mg·L-1, while Jimai 38 and Jinuo 116 had the highest callus induction rates at 1.0 mg·L-1 and 1.5 mg·L-1, respectively. When only adjusting the concentration of 6-BA, Jimai 262 had the highest callus induction rate at 1.0 mg·L-1, while Jimai 38 and Jinuo 116 had the highest callus induction rates at 0 mg·L-1 and 2.0 mg·L-1, respectively. When only adjusting the concentration of ABA addition, the highest callus induction rate was observed for Jimai 4072 at 0.2 mg·L-1, and for Jinan 17 at 0 mg·L-1 addition. The results indicate that the addition levels of 2,4-D, 6-BA, and ABA are greatly influenced by genotype, and the concentrations of addition vary among different varieties. When only adjusting the concentration of arabinogalacto protein(AGP) addition, all tested materials showed the highest callus induction rate at 400.0 mg·L-1, and compared to 0 mg·L-1 addition, the callus induction rate of Jimai 38 and Jimai 4075 were increased by 1.5 and 8.0 times under 400.0 mg·L-1 AGP. The callus induction rate of Jimai 22 was 4.5% under 400.0 mg·L-1 AGP, achieving a breakthrough of 0 callus induction rate in the original culture medium W14mf. In addition, the callus induction rates of the four wheat materials tested were also improved. This result indicates that AGP can break the genotype limitation and effectively improve the callus induction rate of wheat anther culture. |
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