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作者	单位
季颂涵，马学红，李家乐，刁邓超，李春莲，吴建辉，郑炜君，曾庆东，康振生，韩德俊	（1. 西北农林科技大学农学院/作物抗逆与高效生产全国重点实验室，陕西杨凌 712100；2. 西北农林科技大学植物保护学院，陕西杨凌 712100）

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中文摘要:

为精确评估未来中国黄淮麦区小麦品种对当前流行的条锈菌小种的抗性程度，并了解高代品系中的抗病基因及其在麦区的分布状况，采用条锈菌当前流行小种条中34（CYR34）对收集到的2022—2023年间来自冀、豫、鲁、皖四个省份的194份小麦高代品系进行苗期抗性鉴定，并设置混合小种（CYR32、 CYR33、CYR34）人工接菌病圃（陕西杨凌）和自然发病圃（四川江油）进行成株期抗性鉴定，同时利用14个已知抗病基因的17个SNP标记对小麦品系进行检测，分析其可能含有的基因。结果表明，供试材料中，有149份对CYR34表现出苗期抗性（占比76.40%）；人工接菌病圃和自然发病圃分别有137和174份材料表现出成株期抗性（占比分别为70.62%和86.60%）,在两种环境下同时表现抗病的材料有124份(占比63.92%)。经分子标记检测，这些品系携带的抗病基因包括Yr6、Yr7、Yr9、YrZH84、YrSP、YrAS1676、Yr29、Yr30、Yr78、Yr86和YrLT26，其中Yr6、Yr9、YrZH84、Yr30和YrLT26对品系抗病性有显著影响，未检测出Yr18和Yr85。Yr7+Yr29+Yr9、Yr7+Yr29+YrZH84、Yr7+Yr29+YrZH84+YrSP、Yr7+Yr29+Yr9+YrZH84+YrSP等抗病基因组合的田间抗病良好，育种过程中可以作为参考。对比近十年该麦区小麦条锈病抗性结果，黄淮北片麦区小麦品系的抗条锈病能力显著增强，大约63.92%的品系表现出抗性，抗病育种水平仍需提高。

英文摘要:

To accurately evaluate the resistance of wheat varieties in Huanghuai wheat area to the current circulating wheat stripe rust races, and to understand the disease resistance genes in the high-generation lines and their distribution in the wheat area, a total of 194 high-generation wheat lines from Hebei, Henan, Shandong and Anhui Provinces were collected from 2022 to 2023. CYR34 was used to identify the resistance of stripe rust fungus at seedling stage. Mixed races(CYR32, CYR33, and CYR34), artificial inoculation nurseries(Yangling, Shaanxi, YL) and natural disease nurseries(Jiangyou, Sichuan, JY) were set up to identify the resistance at the adult plant stage. Seventeen SNP markers of the 14 known disease resistance genes were used for molecular detection, and the genes that may be contained in the wheat lines were speculated. The result showed that 149(76.40%) of the materials showed resistance to CYR34 at seedling stage. For the results of adult plant identification, 137(70.62%) materials showed resistance in YL; 174(86.60%) materials showed resistance in JY, and 124 materials(63.92%) showed disease resistance in both YL and JY environments. The results of molecular marker detection showed that the disease resistance genes carried in the lines were Yr6, Yr7, Yr9, YrZH84, YrSP, YrAS1676, Yr29, Yr30, Yr78, Yr86, and YrLT26, among which Yr6, Yr9, YrZH84, Yr30, and YrLT26 had a significant effect on the disease resistance of the lines, yet no materials containing Yr18 or Yr85 were detected in the lines. The combination of Yr7+Yr29+Yr9, Yr7+Yr29+YrZH84,Yr7+Yr29+YrZH84+YrSP,Yr7+Yr29+Yr9+YrZH84+YrSP and other resistance genes had good disease resistance in the field, which could be used as a reference in the breeding process. Compared with the results of stripe rust resistance in the wheat area in the past ten years, the resistance of wheat lines in the northern Huanghuai area was significantly enhanced, with 63.92% of the lines showing resistance. The level of disease resistance breeding still needs to be improved.

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