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作者	单位
买春艳，于立强，薛新慧，郭杰,郭宪瑞，吴培培，刘宏伟，张致宁，李辉利，周阳，张宏军	（1.中国农业科学院新乡试验基地管理委员会，河南新乡 453731； 2.石家庄市农林科学研究院赵县实验基地，河北赵县 051530；3.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/作物基因资源与育种全国重点实验室/作物分子育种工程实验室，北京 100081； 4.山西农业大学农学院，山西太谷 030801）

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中文摘要:

春化基因VRN-D1位点包括3个主要等位变异，分别是与春性生长习性和半冬性生长习性相关的显性等位变异Vrn-D1a和Vrn-D1b，以及与冬性生长习性相关的隐性等位变异vrn-D1。为了阐明VRN-D1位点不同等位变异对黄淮冬麦区小麦抽穗期以及抗寒性的影响，利用在已知主要春化基因VRN-A1、VRN-B1和VRN-B3位点以及光周期基因Ppd-D1位点携带相同等位变异、仅在VRN-D1位点具有不同等位变异的156个小麦品种（系）进行抽穗期和抗寒性表型鉴定。结果表明，156份小麦品种（系）在抽穗期及越冬死苗率和死茎率上均存在广泛变异。经方差分析，抽穗期主要受基因型、环境、基因型与环境互作共同影响，而越冬死苗率和死茎率主要受基因型和环境影响。VRN-D1位点3个等位变异间抽穗期存在显著差异，抽穗期从早到晚依次为Vrn-D1a、Vrn-D1b和vrn-D1。在所有环境下，隐性vrn-D1的抗寒性显著优于显性Vrn-D1a和Vrn-D1b，平均越冬死苗率分别下降19.20%和11.18%，平均越冬死茎率分别下降16.53%和8.03%。与Vrn-D1a相比，Vrn-D1b表现出较好的抗寒性，平均越冬死苗率和死茎率分别下降8.02%和8.52%。上述结果为利用VRN-D1位点不同等位变异改良小麦抽穗期和抗寒性提供了重要信息。

英文摘要:

The vernalization gene VRN-D1 locus includes three major allelic variations, namely the dominant allelic variations Vrn-D1a and Vrn-D1b related to spring growth habit and semi-winter growth habit, and the recessive allelic variation vrn-D1 related to winter growth habit. In order to clarify the effects of different allelic variations at the VRN-D1 locus on the heading date and cold resistance of wheat in the Huang-Huai winter wheat region, in this study, 156 wheat varieties(lines) were used to identify the phenotypic traits of heading date and cold resistance. The wheat materials carry the same allelic variations at the known major vernalization gene VRN-A1, VRN-B1, and VRN-B3 loci as well as the photoperiod gene Ppd-D1 locus, but have different allelic variations only at the VRN-D1 locus. The results showed that there were extensive variations at the heading date, over-wintering seedling mortality rate, and dead stem rate among the 156 wheat varieties(lines). Analysis of variance indicated that the heading date was mainly affected by genotype, environment, and the interaction between genotype and environment, while the over-wintering seedling mortality rate and dead stem rate were mainly affected by genotype and environment. There were significant differences in the heading date among the three allelic variations at the VRN-D1 locus, and the heading date from early to late ranked as Vrn-D1a, Vrn-D1b, and vrn-D1. Under all environmental conditions, the cold resistance of the recessive vrn-D1 was significantly better than that of the dominant Vrn-D1a and Vrn-D1b, with the average over-wintering seedling mortality rate decreased by 19.20% and 11.18%, respectively, and the average over-wintering dead stem rate decreased by 16.53% and 8.03%, respectively. Compared with Vrn-D1a, Vrn-D1b exhibited better cold resistance, with the average over-wintering seedling mortality rate and dead stem rate decreased by 8.02% and 8.52%, respectively. The results in this study provide important information for the utilization of different allelic variations at the VRN-D1 locus to improve the heading date and cold resistance.

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