欢迎访问《麦类作物学报》编辑部网站

作者	单位
王玉娇，陈志豪，常旭虹，王德梅，王艳杰，杨玉双，石书兵，赵广才	（1.中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业农村部作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室，北京 100081；2.新疆农业大学农学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830001）

摘要点击次数: 80

全文下载次数: 42

中文摘要:

为探究强筋小麦对不同类型土壤的适应性及品种间产量和品质的差异，采用盆栽试验，选用3个强筋优质小麦品种藁优2018、师栾02-1和石优20在潮土和黑土环境下种植，比较了两种土壤条件下强筋小麦品种开花期至成熟期的旗叶叶绿素含量、粒重、植株各器官氮含量的变化趋势，成熟期的单株茎数、产量及其构成因素、籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量和蛋白质产量的差异。结果表明，在两种土壤条件下小麦叶绿素含量从开花期到花后25 d呈先升后降趋势,且均在开花后5 d达最大值；自开花期开始，植株各营养器官的氮素含量均逐渐降低，而籽粒的氮素含量呈先降后升趋势。与潮土相比，黑土条件下小麦叶片持绿时间和籽粒灌浆时间延长，3个品种的籽粒灌浆渐增期持续时间平均延长3.0 d，平均单株茎数、有效穗数和千粒重分别增加10.91%，18.62%和3.85%，无效穗数平均减少1.35%，籽粒非面筋蛋白含量和面筋蛋白含量平均分别提高0.18%和1.48%，蛋白质产量平均提升0.51 g·盆^-1。综上所述，本试验条件下，黑土较潮土显著促进小麦分蘖，增加蛋白质含量和产量。

英文摘要:

In order to explore the adaptability of strong-gluten wheat under different soil types and the differences in yield and quality among varieties, the pot experiments were conducted with three strong-gluten wheat varieties Gaoyou 2018, Shiluan 02-1 and Shiyou 20 as materials in fluvo-aquic soil environment and black soil environment. The changes of flag leaf chlorophyll content, grain weight and nitrogen content of various organs of the strong-gluten wheat varieties from flowering stage to maturity stage under fluvo-aquic soil and black soil were compared. The similarities and differences of stem number per plant, yield and its components, grain protein and component content, and protein yield at maturity stage were compared; Since the flowering period began, the nitrogen content of various plant vegetative organs gradually decreased, while the nitrogen content of grains showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of wheat in the two soils increased first and then decreased from flowering to 25 days after flowering, and reached the maximum at 5 days after flowering. Compared with the fluvo-aquic soil, the leaf staying green time and grain filling time of wheat were prolonged under the conditions of black soil, and the duration of grain filling gradual increasing period of the three varieties was prolonged by an average of 3.0 days. The stem number per plant, effective spike number and 1 000-grain weight increased by 10.91%, 18.62% and 3.85%, respectively; the number of ineffective spikes decreased by 1.35%; the non-gluten protein content and gluten protein content in grain increased by 0.18% and 1.48%, respectively; and the protein yield increased by 0.51 g·pot^-1. In summary, under the conditions of this experiment, black soil significantly promoted wheat tillering, protein content, and increased yield compared with fluvo-aquic soil.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭