| To elucidate the genetic variation patterns of agronomic traits in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population and develop new restorer germplasm for BNS (Bainong sterility) hybrid wheat, this study utilized 120 F? RIL families derived from a common wheat cross (Bainong Aikang 58 × CL0442). Twelve key agronomic traits, including plant height, panicle exertion length, length of the top internode, tiller angle, spike length, spike number, productive tiller number, grain number per main spike, spikelet number, grain weight per spike, grain yield per plant, and thousand-grain weight, were systematically investigated and subjected to analyses of variability, correlation, principal components, and systematic clustering. The results revealed rich genetic diversity within the population for most traits, with evident transgressive segregation. Correlation analysis indicated a highly significant positive correlation between plant height and grain yield per plant, a significant negative correlation between the length of the top internode and grain weight per main spike, and a significant positive correlation between panicle exertion length and grain weight per spike. Principal component analysis extracted the first six principal components, which collectively accounted for 83.37% of the total variance, representing key genetic dimensions such as biomass and plant yield, spike fertility, plant height structure, and plant architecture. Cluster analysis categorized the 120 families into two major classes and four subgroups, revealing significant genetic differentiation within the population. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation identified eight superior lines, including R8 and R12, which exhibited outstanding overall performance, providing valuable intermediate materials for breeding strong restorer lines for BNS hybrid wheat. |
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