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作者	单位
张君，张强斌，田文强，户美琳，连世昊，于姗，张金汕，石书兵	（新疆农业大学农学院，新疆乌鲁木齐 830052）

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中文摘要:

为探明新疆北疆地区晚播冬小麦最适的播种方式与滴灌配置组合，以冬小麦品种新冬18号为材料，通过裂区试验，以播种方式（S）为主区，［S1(立体匀播,株距3.5 cm)、S2（宽窄行播：18-18-18-26 cm）、S3（宽窄行播：15-20-15-30 cm）和S4（常规条播，行距20 cm），每小区以连续的4行冬小麦(匀播为80 cm)为一组，中间两行为内行，其余为外行］以滴灌配置为副区［D1（二管四行,两管均距内行5 cm，匀播间30 cm+50 cm）、D2（二管四行，两管均距外行5 cm，匀播间距40 cm）、D3（等间距50 cm）、D4（一管四行，间距80 cm）］，研究不同播种方式和滴灌配置组合对北疆地区晚播冬小麦净光合速率、物质积累、产量及构成因素的影响。结果表明，SPAD值和净光合速率均值在同一滴灌配置方式下均表现为S3>S2>S1>S4，同一播种方式下均表现为D1>D2>D3>D4，在S3D1处理下达到最高值；成熟期干物质积累和籽粒分配均在S2D1处理下达到最大值，S2D1处理的在花前干物质转运量和花后干物质同化量较S4D1处理分别增加30.20%和10.89%；S2D1处理的灌浆快增期和灌浆持续时间较S4D1处理分别延长1.6和2 d，灌浆平均速率提升11.34%，穗数、穗粒数和千粒重分别提高了11.93%、8.78%、8.30%，最终产量增加17.74%。通过灰色关联度综合评价，适合新疆北疆地区晚播冬小麦的播种方式与滴灌配置组合为S2（宽窄行播：18-18-18-26 cm）和D1二灌四行（距内行5 cm）。

英文摘要:

In order to figure out the most suitable combination of sowing pattern and drip irrigation configuration of late-sown wheat in northern Xinjiang, a winter wheat variety Xindong 18 was used as the test material, with the sowing method(S) as the main plot of a split-plot experiment, including S1(three-dimensional uniform sowing), S2(wide and narrow row sowing: 18-18-18-26 cm), S3(wide and narrow row sowing: 15-20-15-30 cm), and S4(conventional strip sowing, row spacing 20 cm), and each plot was grouped with continuous four rows of winter wheat(evenly sown within 80 cm). The drip irrigation configuration was set up as a sub-plot: two pipes and four rows(D1, both pipes were 5 cm away from the inner row, and the sowing interval was 30 cm + 50 cm), two pipes and four rows(D2, both pipes were 5 cm away from the outer row, and the spacing between the sowing was 40 cm), equal interval by 50 cm(D3), and one pipe and four rows(D4, interval spacing by 80 cm). The effects of different sowing patterns and drip irrigation combinations on the net photosynthetic rate, dry matter accumulation, yield and its components of the late-sown winter wheat in northern Xinjiang were studied. The results showed that the mean values of SPAD and net photosynthetic rate ranked as S3> S2> S1>S4, and the mean values under the same sowing pattern ranked as D1>D2> D3>D4, of which reached the peak under S3D1 treatment. The accumulation of dry matter and distribution of grains at maturity reached their maximum values under the S2D1 treatment. Compared to S4D1 treatment, the dry matter transportation before and after flowering increased by 30.20% and 10.89%, respectively; S2D1 treatment extended the rapid filling phase by 1.6 d, prolonged the duration of grain filling by 2 d, and increased the average grain filling rate by 11.34%, consequently improved the number of spikes, grain number per spike, and thousand-grain weight by 11.93%, 8.78%, and 8.30%, respectively, and ultimately resulted in an increase rate of 17.74% in yield. The comprehensive evaluation based on gray correlation concluded that the appropriate sowing pattern and drip irrigation configuration for late-sown winter wheat in the northern region of Xinjiang is S2 and D1.

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