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作者	单位
陈丽娟，罗婧，张旭，肖进，袁春霞，王秀娥，王海燕	（南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新利用全国重点实验室/细胞遗传研究所/现代作物生产省部共建协同创新中心，江苏南京 210095）

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中文摘要:

小麦野生近缘物种小伞山羊草(Aegilops umbellulata，2n=2x=14，UU)是普通小麦的三级基因源。为准确鉴定小麦背景中的小伞山羊草染色体或染色体片段，本研究在利用二代测序获得小伞山羊草U基因组序列信息的基础上，根据其中鉴定出的17条可能的特异卫星重复序列设计了13个寡核苷酸探针。Oligo-FISH结果表明，其中10个探针可在小伞山羊草染色体上产生明显的杂交信号。对探针进行特异性分析发现，5个探针在小伞山羊草染色体上存在特异的杂交信号，在小麦染色体上则无信号，可作为识别小麦背景下U基因组染色体的特异性探针。本研究选择在小伞山羊草上能产生丰富信号的两个探针Oligo-pAu153、Oligo-pAu263与小伞山羊草特异探针Oligo-pAu133结合Oligo-pSc119.2构成探针套ONPS#AU1，用其构建了小伞山羊草染色体的Oligo-FISH核型。该FISH核型可以准确识别小伞山羊草各条染色体，对加快挖掘、转移和利用小伞山羊草优异基因具有重要意义。

英文摘要:

Ae. umbellulata(Aegilops umbellulata, 2n=2x=14, UU) is a tertiary gene resource for wheat improvement. In order to accurately identify the chromosomes of Ae. umbellulata U genome or the chromosome segments transferred into wheat, based on the next-generation sequencing information of Ae. umbellulata U genome, 13 oligonucleotide probes were designed for Oligo-FISH analysis according to the 17 possible specific satellite repeats identified. The Oligo-FISH results showed that 10 of the probes exhibited obvious hybridization signals on the chromosomes of Ae. umbellulata. The probe specificity analysis revealed that the five probes generated hybridization signals on the chromosomes of Ae. umbellulata, but there was no obvious hybridization signal on the chromosomes in wheat, which can be used as the specific probes to identify the chromosomes of U genome in wheat background. Two probes Oligo-pAu153 and Oligo-pAu263, generating rich and strong signals on Ae. umbellulata chromosome, and one probe Oligo-pAu133 specific for Ae. umbellulata chromosome combining with Oligo-pSc119.2 were used as a probe multiplex ONPS#AU1. The Oligo-FISH karyotype of Ae. umbellulata was constructed, which can accurately identify each chromosome of the U genome. It will accelerate the step for mining, transferring and utilizing the excellent genes of Ae. umbellulata.

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