| 彭超军，董海滨，齐学礼，华 夏，高 崇，赵明忠，胡 琳.不同籽粒氮含量小麦的氮素转运、分配和相关生理特性研究[J].麦类作物学报,2025,(8):1041 |
| 不同籽粒氮含量小麦的氮素转运、分配和相关生理特性研究 |
| Research on N Translocation, Distribution, and Related Physiological Characteristics of Wheat with Different Grain N Contents |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 籽粒氮含量 氮转运 Rubisco酶 蛋白水解酶 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Grain N content N translocation Rubisco Protein hydrolysis related enzyme |
| 基金项目:河南省重大科技专项（231100110100）；河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目（222301420025） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨小麦籽粒氮含量的影响因素，以高籽粒氮含量（HGNC）和低籽粒氮含量（LGNC）的小麦品种各2个作为供试材料，比较了灌浆期两类品种的籽粒氮含量变化，分析了氮素转运、分配特性，以及旗叶中Rubisco含量、蛋白水解相关酶活性等生理性状的差异。结果表明，灌浆后期至成熟期，HGNC小麦的籽粒氮含量高于LGNC小麦，HGNC小麦的叶片、茎鞘氮素积累和分配比例低于LGNC小麦，且HGNC小麦的氮素转运强度高于LGNC小麦；在灌浆中后期HGNC小麦的Rubisco及可溶性蛋白的降解速度较快，蛋白水解酶活性也较LGNC小麦活跃。综上，灌浆后期至成熟期，HGNC和LGNC小麦的籽粒氮含量差异显著，其受氮素分配、转运影响。在灌浆中后期，旗叶中的Rubisco和可溶性蛋白质降解强度对小麦成熟期的氮含量产生负效应，而蛋白水解相关的酶活性则具有正向作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the influencing factors of wheat grain nitrogen content, two wheat varieties with high grain nitrogen content(HGNC) and two wheat varieties with low grain nitrogen content(LGNC) were used as test materials. The changes in grain nitrogen content of the two types of wheats during the grain filling stage were compared, and the characteristics of nitrogen transport and distribution, as well as the differences in physiological traits such as Rubisco content and protein hydrolysis related enzyme activity in flag leaves were analyzed. The results showed that from late grain filling stage to maturity stage, the grain nitrogen content of HGNC wheat was higher than that of LGNC wheat. The nitrogen accumulation and distribution ratio of leaves and stem & sheaths of HGNC wheat were lower than those of LGNC wheat, and the nitrogen transport intensity of HGNC wheat was higher than that of LGNC wheat. At late grain filling stage, the degradation rate of Rubisco and soluble proteins in HGNC wheat was faster, and the activity of proteolytic enzymes was also more active than that in LGNC wheat. Overall, there was a significant difference in grain nitrogen content between HGNC and LGNC wheat from the late grain filling stage to maturity stage, which was influenced by nitrogen allocation and transport. At middle and late grain filling stages, the degradation intensity of Rubisco and soluble proteins in flag leaves has a negative effect on nitrogen content during wheat maturation, while enzyme activity related to protein hydrolysis has a positive effect. |
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