欢迎访问《麦类作物学报》编辑部网站

基金项目:中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（25ZYJA002）;甘肃省科技计划联合计划基金项目（24JRRA840）;现代寒旱特色农业种业攻关项目（ZYGG-2025-3,ZYGG-2025-12-3）;甘肃省重点人才项目（2023RCXM70）;甘肃省科技厅重点研发项目（25YFNA032）;甘肃省科技计划项目（24CXNA038）;甘肃省自然科学基金重点项目（24JRRA637）;甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目（2021CYZC-12）;甘肃农业大学伏羲青年英才计划（Gaufx-03Y06，GAUfx-04Y011）;国重实验室开放基金项目（GSCS-2021-05）

作者	单位
顾鹏程，姚立蓉，张宏，汪军成，王昊，马艳，李玉刚，李葆春	（1.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院，甘肃兰州 730070； 2.甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730070； 3.甘肃农业大学农学院，甘肃兰州 730070； 4.青岛市农业科学研究所，山东青岛 266100）

摘要点击次数: 218

全文下载次数: 153

中文摘要:

培育氮素高效利用的小麦材料是提升氮素利用率和降低生产成本的有效方法,SPX基因家族在植物对氮的响应及逆境应答中起关键调控作用。本研究以20个小麦品种为供试材料，在低氮（0.05 mmol·L^-1）、正常氮（5 mmol·L^-1）和高氮（25 mmol·L^-1）三种氮浓度处理下进行苗期水培试验，测定不同浓度氮处理下小麦苗期的形态指标和生理指标,通过综合评价筛选出氮高效和氮低效小麦品种，并分析TaSPX1基因在不同氮利用效率小麦中的相对表达。结果表明，与正常氮处理相比，低氮处理下，不同小麦品种的最大根长、根干重、根冠比等7个指标均升高，且升幅较大；株高、地上部干重、叶绿素含量等6个指标均降低，其中叶绿素含量、株高和地上部干重降幅较大；各指标变异系数范围为3.16%~38.71%。高氮处理下，不同小麦品种最大根长、株高、根干重等8个指标均降低，其中叶绿素含量、最大根长和根干重降幅较大；根表面积、根体积、可溶性糖等5个指标均升高，根体积增幅最大，各指标变异系数范围为2.51%~36.53%。通过对13个指标主成分分析，低氮处理下3个主成分贡献率分别为54%、26%和12%，累积贡献率达到91%；高氮处理下3个主成分贡献率分别为64%、16%和9%，累积贡献率达到88%。利用隶属函数值进行综合评价和聚类分析，供试材料可分为四类：双高效型、低氮高效型、高氮高效型和双低效型。qRT-PCR分析表明，低氮胁迫下，在双高效型和低氮高效型材料中TaSPX1相对表达量上升，而高氮高效型和双低效型材料中TaSPX1相对表达量呈先上升后下降的趋势；高氮胁迫下，在双高效型和高氮高效型材料中TaSPX1基因相对表达量有所降低，而低氮高效型和双低效型材料中其相对表达量随着处理时间的增加而增加。

英文摘要:

The cultivation of wheat materials with high nitrogen use efficiency is an effective way to improve nitrogen use efficiency and reduce production cost. SPX gene family plays a key regulatory role in plant response to nitrogen and stress. In this experiment, 20 different varieties of wheat were used as test materials, and hydroponics experiments were carried out at seedling stage under three nitrogen concentration treatments: low nitrogen(0.05 mmol·L^-1), normal nitrogen(5 mmol·L^-1) and high nitrogen(25 mmol·L^-1). The morphological and physiological indices of wheat at seedling stage were determined under different nitrogen concentration treatments. Wheat varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency and low nitrogen use efficiency were selected by comprehensive evaluation, and the relative expression of TaSPX1 gene in wheat with different nitrogen use efficiency was analyzed. The results showed that, compared with normal nitrogen treatment, the maximum root length, root dry weight and root shoot ratio of different wheat varieties largely increased under low nitrogen treatment. Six indices, including plant height, above ground dry weight, and chlorophyll content, all decreased, among which chlorophyll content, plant height and above ground dry weight decreased significantly. The variation coefficients of each index ranged from 3.16% to 38.71%. Under high nitrogen treatment, the maximum root length, plant height, and root dry weight of different wheat varieties decreased, and the chlorophyll content, maximum root length, and root dry weight decreased significantly. Root surface area, root volume, and soluble sugar all increased, among which root volume increased the most. Coefficients of variation of all indices ranged from 2.51% to 36.53%. The principal component analysis of 13 indicators showed that the contribution rates of the three principal components extracted under low nitrogen treatment were 54%, 26%, and 12%, respectively, and the cumulative contribution rate was 91%. The contribution rates of the three principal components extracted under high nitrogen treatment were 64%, 16%, and 9%, respectively, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 88%. Using the membership function value to make comprehensive evaluation and cluster analysis, the tested materials were divided into four categories: double efficient type, low nitrogen efficient type, high nitrogen efficient type, and double inefficient type. qRT-PCR analysis showed that under low nitrogen stress, the relative expression of TaSPX1 increased in double efficient and low efficient materials, while the relative expression of TaSPX1 in high efficient and double inefficient materials increased first and then decreased. Under high nitrogen stress, the relative expression of TaSPX1 gene decreased in the double and high nitrogen efficient materials, while the relative expression of TaSPX1 gene in the low nitrogen efficient materials and double low efficiency materials increased with the increase of treatment time.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭