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作者	单位
丁永刚，乔玉强，李玮，尚云秋，张向前，陈欢，赵竹，王冠军，曹承富，杜世州	（1.安徽省农业科学院作物研究所，安徽合肥 230001； 2.颍上县农业绿色发展推进中心，安徽颍上236200）

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中文摘要:

为明确目前安徽省丰产潜力较大的半冬性小麦品种（系）丰产性、稳产性和品质稳定性，于2022-2023年度采用随机区组试验设计，在安徽太和、泗县、濉溪、涡阳、颍上和颍州，对2018-2022年安徽省区域和生产试验中较对照品种显著增产的品种（系）的产量及其构成、品质进行分析。结果表明，地点、品种（系）及其互作显著影响产量及其构成因素（穗数除外）、品质指标，且地点及其与品种互作的效应是产量及其构成因素变异的主要来源。太和点的小麦产量和穗数显著高于其他地点，分别达到10 210 kg·hm^-2和7.74×10⁶穗·hm^-2，颍州点穗重最高，达1.52 g。供试材料中，安农188、安科1803丰产性较好，平均产量达到9 572 kg·hm^-2和9 407 kg·hm^-2；安科1803、皖科1838稳产性较高，安农188适应范围最广。产量低于10 500 kg·hm^-2时，产量与穗数、穗重呈显著正相关，产量继续增加，则主要来源于穗数的增加，小麦稳产性主要取决于单穗产量的稳定性。地点是品质变异的主要因素，颖上点小麦品质显著高于其他地点，泗县点最低；皖宿21品质最优，安科1803品质稳定性最好。综上，目前安徽半冬性小麦品种（系）丰产、稳产和优质的协同性较低，未来应根据各地生态条件制定针对性的栽培技术，以实现小麦产量和品质及其稳定性的协同提升。

英文摘要:

In order to clarify the high and stable capacity of yield, and quality stability of semi-winter wheat varieties(lines) with high yield potential in Anhui Province, a randomized block design was adopted in this study from 2022 to 2023 in six test sites: Taihe, Sixian, Suixi, Wuyang, Yingshang, and Yingzhou. The test materials were the varieties(lines) with significantly higher yield than the control varieties in the regional and production experiments in Anhui Province from 2018 to 2022, and the yield, yield components, and quality of the tested materials were analyzed. The results showed that location, variety(line) and their interaction effects had a significant impact on yield, yield components(except spike number) and quality, the location and its interaction effect with varieties were the main sources of variation of yield and yield components. The yield and spike in Taihe were significantly higher than those in other sites, reaching 10 210 kg·hm^-2 and 7.74×10⁶ per hm², respectively, and the spike weight in Yingzhou was the highest(1.52 g). Among the tested materials, Annong 188 and Anke 1803 had high yield, with average yield of 9 572 kg·hm^-2 and 9 407 kg·hm^-2. Anke 1803 and Wanke 1838 exhibited higher yield stability, and Anong 188 had the widest adaptation range. When the yield was lower than 10 500 kg·hm^-2, it was significantly positively correlated with the number of spikes and spike weight, as yield increased further, the higher yield was mainly attributed to the increase of spike number. The stable yield of wheat mainly depended on the stability of panicle grains. Location was a major factor for quality variation. The quality of wheat in Yingshang was significantly higher than that in other locations, and the lowest in Sixian. Wansu 21 showed the best quality, and Anke 1803 showed the best quality stability. In summary, the synergy of high yield, stable yield and high quality of semi-winter wheat varieties(lines) in Anhui Province was weak, and targeted cultivation technologies should be formulated according to local ecological conditions in the future to achieve the synergistic improvement of wheat yield, quality and stability.

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