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王雪晴，赵欧亚，刘蕾，肖广敏，孙世友，侯利敏，王策，王凌，茹淑华.土壤调理剂种类及施用量对石灰性褐土镉有效性及小麦镉吸收的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2025,(6):799

土壤调理剂种类及施用量对石灰性褐土镉有效性及小麦镉吸收的影响

Effects of Soil Amendment Type and Application Dose on Cadmium Availability in Calcareous Cinnamon Soil and Cadmium Uptake by Wheat

DOI：

中文关键词: 镉污染土壤调理剂小麦石灰性土壤镉有效性镉吸收

英文关键词:Cadmium pollution Soil amendment Wheat Calcareous soil Cadmium availability Cadmium uptake

基金项目:河北省农林科学院科技创新专项（2022KJCXZX-ZHS-9）；国家“十四五”重点研发计划项目（2022YFD1901304-10）；河北省农林科学院科技创新人才队伍建设项目（C23R1105）

作者	单位
王雪晴，赵欧亚，刘蕾，肖广敏，孙世友，侯利敏，王策，王凌，茹淑华	（河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所/农田环境修复河北工程研究中心/河北省肥料工程技术研究中心，河北石家庄 050051）

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中文摘要:

为探讨施用土壤调理剂对镉（Cd）污染石灰性褐土的钝化效果，通过盆栽试验，以不施用土壤调理剂为对照（CK），选择4种土壤调理剂（无机类调理剂、有机无机复合类调理剂、铁改性有机类调理剂和巯基改性黏土矿物类调理剂，分别用SF、 GF、IMP和 SGP表示）为对象，每种调理剂分别设置两个施用量（SF：0.75%和1.5%； GF：1.5%和3.0%； IMP：1.5%和3.0%； SGP：0.75%和1.5%），分析了土壤调理剂种类及施用量对种植在Cd污染石灰性褐土上小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）各器官干重和Cd含量、籽粒微量元素和Si含量、土壤有效态Cd含量和土壤化学性质的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，施用土壤调理剂处理后小麦根、茎秆、叶片和颖壳的干重与小麦籽粒Fe和Cu含量均无显著变化，而IMP和SGP处理的籽粒干重均显著增加；施用土壤调理剂处理均显著降低了小麦各器官Cd含量，且高剂量处理的效果均优于低剂量处理，其中1.5%SGP处理的小麦籽粒Cd降幅最大（90.25%）；除3.0%IMP处理外，其余施用土壤调理剂处理均可显著降低小麦籽粒Zn含量;IMP和SF处理可显著降低小麦籽粒Mn含量;3.0%IMP、1.5%SF、GF和SGP处理的小麦籽粒Si含量均显著升高。与CK相比，SF、GF和SGP处理均显著降低土壤有效态Cd含量（降幅24.71%~92.37%），其中0.75%SGP处理的效果最佳；SF、GF、3.0%IMP处理均显著提高了土壤pH值（0.27~2.24），除SF处理外，其他施用土壤调理剂处理均显著提高了土壤有机质含量；0.75%SF处理对土壤电导率无显著影响，但显著降低土壤有效锌、有效锰、有效铜和有效铁含量，显著增加有效Si含量。综合考虑土壤调理剂对土壤化学性质、土壤Cd的钝化效果、小麦籽粒Cd吸收和对小麦产量的影响，推荐0.75%SGP为Cd污染石灰性褐土上最佳土壤调理剂。

英文摘要:

To explore the immobilization effects of soil amendments on cadmium(Cd)-contaminated calcareous cinnamon soil, a pot experiment was conducted with no soil amendment application as the control(CK). Four types of soil amendments(inorganic amendment, organic-inorganic composite amendment, iron-modified organic amendment, and thiol-modified clay mineral amendment, designated as SF, GF, IMP, and SGP, respectively) were selected, with two application dose levels for each amendment(SF: 0.75% and 1.5%; GF: 1.5% and 3.0%; IMP: 1.5% and 3.0%; SGP: 0.75% and 1.5%). The effects of amendment type and application dose on the dry weight and Cd content of wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) organs, grain trace elements and Si content, soil available Cd content, and soil chemical properties were analyzed. The results showed that compared with CK, the dry weight of wheat roots, stems, leaves, and glumes, as well as the Fe and Cu contents in wheat grains, did not change significantly after soil amendment application. However, the grain dry weight under IMP and SGP treatments increased significantly. All soil amendment treatments significantly reduced the Cd content in wheat organs, with high-dose treatments showing better effects than low-dose treatments. The 1.5%SGP treatment resulted in the largest reduction in grain Cd content(90.25%). Except for the 3.0%IMP treatment, all other soil amendment treatments significantly reduced the Zn content in wheat grains. IMP and SF treatments significantly reduced the Mn content in wheat grains. The 3.0%IMP, 1.5%SF, GF, and SGP treatments significantly increased the Si content in wheat grains. SF, GF, and SGP treatments significantly reduced the soil available Cd content(reduction range: 24.71%-92.37%), with the 0.75%SGP treatment showing the best effect. SF, GF, and 3.0% IMP treatments significantly increased soil pH(0.27-2.24). Except for the SF treatment, all other soil amendment treatments significantly increased soil organic matter content. The 0.75%SF treatment had no significant effect on soil electrical conductivity, but significantly reduced the content of available zinc, manganese, copper, and iron while significantly increasing available Si content. Considering the effects of soil amendments on soil chemical properties, Cd immobilization, Cd uptake in wheat grains, and wheat yield, the 0.75%SGP treatment is recommended as the optimal soil amendment for Cd-contaminated calcareous cinnamon soil.

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