| 杨 浩，李盈奎，薛丽华，章建新，孙诗仁，刘 斌，蒋鹏程，邢俊刚.塔额盆地包蛋冬小麦干物质积累、产量和水分利用效率对滴灌量的响应[J].麦类作物学报,2025,(6):790 |
| 塔额盆地包蛋冬小麦干物质积累、产量和水分利用效率对滴灌量的响应 |
| Response of Dry Matter Accumulation, Yield, and Water Use Efficiency of Ultra-Late-Sowing Winter Wheat in the Tae Basin to Drip Irrigation Amount |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 滴灌量 包蛋冬小麦 水分利用效率 产量 干物质积累 |
| 英文关键词:Drip irrigation amount Ultra-late-sowing winter wheat Water use efficiency Yield Dry matter accumulation |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（32060433）；新疆农业科学院自主培育专项项目（xjnkyzzp-2022001） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明包蛋冬小麦干物质积累、产量和水分利用效率对滴灌量的响应规律，以小麦品种新冬18号为供试材料，于2021-2023年通过田间随机区组试验，设置1 800 m3·hm-2(W1)、2 250 m3·hm-2(W2)、2 700 m3·hm-2(W3)、3 150 m3·hm-2(W4)和3 600 m3·hm-2(W5)五个滴灌量处理，系统分析了不同滴灌量下包蛋冬小麦土壤含水量、叶面积指数（LAI）、干物质积累量、水分利用效率及产量的差异。结果表明，增加滴灌量主要增加0~40 cm土层含水量，减少40~100 cm土壤贮水消耗量，增加田间总耗水量，降低土壤耗水量及降水占总耗水量的比率，同时增加包蛋冬小麦LAI、总光合势和干物质积累量、花后干物质积累量及其对产量的贡献率，最终提高产量和水分利用效率，大幅度降低灌水利用效率。W5处理的最大LAI、总光合势、干物质总积累量、花后干物质积累量及产量分别比W1处理平均增加18.65%、55.2%、28.6%、27.2%、51.6%。这说明增加滴灌量的增产作用主要归因于促进包蛋冬小麦光合物质生产和积累，尤其是花后光合物质积累，提高穗数和千粒重。两年均以滴灌量 W4和W5处理的产量和水分利用效率较高。综合考虑产量和水分利用效率，塔额盆地包蛋冬小麦适宜滴灌量为2 700~3 150 m3·hm-2。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the response patterns of dry matter accumulation, yield, and water use efficiency of ultra-late-sowing winter wheat Xindong 18 to drip irrigation amount, from 2021 to 2023, a randomized block design was employed in the field to study the differences of soil moisture content, leaf area index(LAI), dry matter accumulation, water use efficiency, and yield of ultra-late-sowing winter wheat unde the five drip irrigation treatments of W1(1 800 m3·hm-2), W2(2 250 m3·hm-2), W3(2 700 m3·hm-2), W4(3 150 m3·h m-2), and W5(3 600 m3·hm-2). The results showed that increasing drip irrigation mainly enhanced soil moisture content in the 0-40 cm soil layer, decreased soil water consumption in the 40-100 cm soil layer, reduced soil water consumption, increased total field water consumption, and decreased the ratio of soil water consumption and precipitation to total water consumption. Increasing drip irrigation enhanced the LAI, total photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, post-flowering dry matter accumulation, contribution to yield, and water use efficiency, while reduced irrigation water use efficiency. Compared to W1, W5 exhibited increases in maximum LAI, total photosynthetic capacity, dry matter accumulation, post-flowering dry matter accumulation, and yield by 18.65%, 55.2%, 28.6%, 27.2%, and 51.6%, respectively. The yield and water use efficiency were higher under the treatments with drip irrigation amounts of 3 150 and 3 600 m3·hm-2 over the two years. Considering both yield and water use efficiency, the suitable drip irrigation amount for ultra-late-sowing winter wheat Xindong 18 is 2700-3 150 m3·hm-2 in the Ta’er Basin. |
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