| 董亚博，尤 薇，石 玉，张永丽，张 振.施氮量对测墒补灌小麦光合特性、籽粒灌浆及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2025,(6):782 |
| 施氮量对测墒补灌小麦光合特性、籽粒灌浆及产量的影响 |
| Effects of Nitrogen Application Rate on Photosynthetic Characteristics, Grain Filling and Yield of Wheat under Supplemental Irrigation Based on Soil Moisture Measurement |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 施氮量 小麦 光合特性 籽粒灌浆 产量 |
| 英文关键词:Nitrogen application Wheat Photosynthetic characteristics Grain filling yield |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(32172114)；财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-18)；泰山学者工程专项(tsqn202211094) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究黄淮海地区小麦高产的适宜施氮量，以小麦品种烟农1212为供试材料，通过大田试验，设置0 kg·hm-2（N0）、150 kg·hm-2（N150）、210 kg·hm-2（N210）、270 kg·hm-2（N270）共4个施氮水平，分析了施氮量对测墒补灌小麦旗叶光合特性和籽粒灌浆的影响。结果表明，N210处理下小麦花后14~28 d旗叶SPAD值显著高于N0和N150处理，与N270处理差异不显著。N210处理下小麦花后14~28 d旗叶光合参数及光合酶活性均显著高于N0和N150处理，但施氮量增至N270时，旗叶光合参数及光合酶活性无显著变化。N210处理下籽粒平均灌浆速率和最大灌浆速率均显著高于其他处理，有利于粒重的提高。N210处理下千粒重和籽粒产量最高，其中产量较N0、N150和N270处理分别增加了43.93%、12.35%和4.36%。综上所述，施氮量210 kg·hm-2是本试验条件下高产的最佳施氮量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the suitable nitrogen application rate for high-yield wheat in Huang-Huai-Hai region, the wheat variety Yannong 1212 was used as the test material. Four nitrogen application rates(0 kg·hm-2(N0), 150 kg·hm-2(N150), 210 kg·hm-2(N210), and 270 kg·hm-2(N270)) were set up in the field, and the effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaves and grain filling of wheat under supplemental irrigation were analyzed. The results showed that the SPAD value of flag leaf at 14-28 days after anthesis under N210 treatment was significantly higher than that under N0 and N150 treatments, but not significantly different from that under N270 treatment. The photosynthetic gas parameters and photosynthetic enzyme activities of flag leaves under N210 treatment were significantly higher than those under N0 and N150 treatments at 14-28 days after anthesis, yet there was no significant change in photosynthetic parameters and photosynthetic enzyme activities of flag leaves when the nitrogen application rate increased to N270. The average grain filling rate and maximum grain filling rate under N210 treatment were significantly higher than those under other treatments, which was beneficial to the increase of grain weight. Compared with N0, N150 and N270, the 1 000-grain weight and grain yield under N210 treatment were the highest, and the yield increased 43.93%, 12.35% and 4.36%, respectively. In summary, the nitrogen application rate of 210 kg·hm-2 is the best nitrogen application rate for high yield under the conditions of this experiment. |
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