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作者	单位
姚丽霞，刘丽苹，万广有，王化俊，汪军成，姚立蓉，李葆春，孟亚雄	（1.甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室/甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730070； 2.甘肃农业大学农学院，甘肃兰州 730070；3.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院，甘肃兰州 730070）

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中文摘要:

本研究以240份大麦品种（系）为材料，利用大麦40K SNP芯片进行基因型分析，并通过一年两点对8个农艺性状进行鉴定，基于混合线性模型（mixed linear model, MLM）进行全基因组关联分析（genome-wide association study, GWAS）。结果表明,8个主要农艺性状均呈现正态分布。使用Admixture软件对240份大麦品种（系）质控后的基因型进行群体结构分析，240份材料大致分为10个亚群。GWAS共检测到118个分别与株高、穗长、芒长、有效分蘖数、总分蘖数、穗粒数、穗粒重和千粒重显著相关的SNP位点，分布在1H、2H、3H、4H、5H、6H和7H染色体上，其中有6个SNP位点可同时控制两个农艺性状，2个SNP位点可同时控制3个农艺性状。确定了24个与SNP位点对应的QTL，其中控制株高的QTL有2个，穗长QTL有1个，芒长QTL有2个，有效分蘖数QTL有2个，总分蘖数QTL有1个，穗粒数QTL有4个，穗粒重QTL有10个，千粒重QTL有8个。在黄羊和永昌环境点中,稳定的QTL有1个，株高、穗长、有效分蘖数和总分蘖数只在一个环境点存在QTL位点，其余4个农艺性状分布在两个环境点不同的QTL位点中。根据关联分析结果，以显著位点上下游150 kb范围作为置信区间，在1H、2H、3H、4H、5H和6H染色体上共寻找到32个基因，基于前人研究和Blast基因注释共筛选到2个最有可能与大麦的生长发育等方面相关的候选基因。

英文摘要:

In this study, 240 barley varieties(lines) were genotyped using barley 40K SNP microarrays, and eight agronomic traits were characterized at two locations in 2022. Genome-wide association study(GWAS) was performed based on mixed linear model. The results showed that the eight main agronomic traits were normally distributed. The genotypes of 240 barley varieties after quality control were analyzed for population structure using Admixture software, and the 240 materials were roughly divided into 10 subgroups. A total of 118 SNP loci were detected by GWAS, which were significantly correlated with plant height, spike length, awn length, productive tiller number, total tiller number, kernel number, spike grain weight and thousand kernel weight. They are distributed on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, and 7H, of which six SNP loci simultaneously control two agronomic traits and two SNP loci simultaneously control three agronomic traits. One hundred and eighteen SNP loci were identified corresponding to 24 QTLs, including two QTLs controlling plant height, one spike length QTL, two awn length QTLs, two productive tiller number QTLs, one total tiller number QTL, four kernel number QTLs, ten spike grain weight QTLs, and eight thousand-kernel weight QTLs. There was one stable QTL detected in both Huangyang and Yongchang environmental sites. QTLs for plant height, spike length, productive tiller number and total tiller number existed only in one environmental site, while the remaining four agronomic traits existed in different QTLs in two environmental sites. Based on the results of association analysis, a total of 32 genes were identified on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, and 6H using the range of 150 kb upstream and downstream of the significant loci as the confidence interval, and a total of two candidate genes were screened based on the previous studies and Blast gene annotation, which were the most likely to be related to the growth and development of barley.

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