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作者	单位
杨少伟，李煜，吴倩，席甜甜，杨建光，罗佳，董剑，马守才，王军卫	（1.西北农林科技大学农学院，陕西杨凌 712100； 2.内蒙古巴彦淖尔市农牧业科学研究所，内蒙古巴彦淖尔 015000）

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中文摘要:

小麦缺体-四体材料是一种重要的染色体遗传材料，通常被用来进行目的基因定位等研究，而对于缺体-四体小麦材料本身的农艺和品质性状的研究报道较少。为了解染色体缺失和重复对小麦主要农艺和品质性状的影响，对38份中国春缺体-四体材料进行了农艺、籽粒及面粉加工品质性状调查及分析。结果表明：缺体-四体材料的农艺性状变异系数表现为穗粒数>分蘖数>穗长>小穗数>株高；与对照（中国春）相比，N7D-T7A的小穗数显著增加（P＜0.05），N2A-T2B和N6B-T6A的穗粒数极显著降低（P＜0.01），N4B-T4A和N7D-T7A的株高显著增加，N6D-T6B的株高显著降低，N4A-T4B和N7A-T7B的穗长极显著变短，但是分蘖数上所有缺体-四体材料与对照无显著差异。缺体-四体材料的籽粒性状变异系数表现为千粒重>面积>长宽比>粒宽>粒长>周长；与对照相比，N3B-T3D、N3D-T3A、N3D-T3B、N6A-T6B、N6B-T6A的籽粒面积显著增加，N3B-T3A、N3B-T3D、N3D-T3B、N6A-T6B和N6B-T6A的粒宽极显著增加，N1B-T1A、N1B-T1D、N3A-T3D、N4A-T4B、N4A-T4D、N5B-T5A、N5B-T5D、N6A-T6D、N7A-T7B、N7A-T7D在长宽比上极显著降低，N2A-T2B的千粒重显著降低，在周长和粒长性状上所有缺体-四体材料与对照没有显著差异。缺体-四体材料的面粉品质性状变异系数表现为沉降值>湿面筋含量>粗蛋白含量>水分>淀粉；与对照相比，缺体-四体材料在面粉品质性状上存在差异，但不显著。缺体-四体材料的变异系数表现为稳定时间>形成时间>粉质质量指数>弱化度>吸水率；与对照相比，只有第一同源群缺体-四体材料在面团形成时间和稳定时间上表现出了显著差异，其中N1A-T1B面团稳定时间显著增加，N1A-T1D面团形成时间和面团稳定时间极显著增加，N1D-T1A面团形成时间显著增加，面团稳定时间极显著增加，而在其他指标上缺体-四体材料与对照均无显著差异。

英文摘要:

Nulli-tetrasomic materials are the important chromosomal genetic wheat materials, which have been used for target gene localization. However, fewer studies reported on the agronomic and quality traits of nulli-tetrasomic materials. In order to analyze the effects of chromosome deletions and duplications on major agronomic and quality traits of wheat, the agronomic, grain and flour processing quality traits of 38 nulli-tetrasomic materials were investigated. The results showed that coefficients of variation of agronomic traits showed grain number per spike>tiller number>spike length>spikelet number>plant height. Compared with the control（Chinese spring）, the number of spikelets of N7D-T7A increased significantly; the number of grains per spike of N2A-T2B and N6B-T6A decreased significantly; the plant height of N4B-T4A and N7D-T7A increased significantly; the plant height of N6D-T6B decreased significantly; the spike length of N4A-T4B and N7A-T7B decreased significantly; yet there was no significant difference in the number of tillers between all nulli-tetrasomic materials and the control. The coefficients of variation of grain traits of the nulli-tetrasomic materials ranked as 1 000-grain weight>grain area>length-width ratio>grain width>grain length>perimeter; compared with the control, the grain area of N3B-T3D, N3D-T3A, N3D-T3B, N6A-T6B, and N6B-T6A increased significantly; the grain width of N3B-T3A, N3B-T3D, N3D-T3B, N6A-T6B, and N6B-T6A increased significantly, and the length-width ratio of N1B-T1A, N1B-T1D, N3A-T3D, N4A-T4B, N4A-T4D, N5B-T5A, N5B-T5D, N6A-T6D, N7A-T7B, and N7A-T7D decreased significantly. The 1 000-grain weight of N2A-T2B was significantly reduced, and there was no significant difference in circumference and grain length between all nulli-tetrasomic materials and the control. The variation coefficients of flour quality traits of the nulli-tetrasomic materials ranked as Zeleny>wet gluten content>protein content>moisture content>starch content; compared with the control, the nulli-tetrasomic materials had differences in flour quality traits, which are not significant. The coefficients of variation of nulli-tetrasomic materials ranked as stability time>development time>farinograph quality number>weakening value>water absorption; compared with the control, only the first homologous group nulli-tetrasomic materials showed significant differences in dough development time and stability time. Among them, the stability time of N1A-T1B dough reached significant differences, the dough development time and the stability time of N1A-T1D reached extremely significant differences, while there was no significant difference in other indices between the nulli-tetrasomic materials and the control. The results of this study lay a foundation for further analysis of the genetic effects of nulli-tetrasomic materials.

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