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作者	单位
李巧云，郭振峰，尹钊，郝晓鹏，唐建卫，董纯豪，袁雨豪，黄振扑，牛吉山，殷贵鸿	（国家小麦工程技术研究中心/河南农业大学农学院/省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室，河南郑州 450046）

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中文摘要:

茎基腐病（Fusarium crown rot, FCR）严重影响小麦产量与品质，培育与种植抗病品种是减轻FCR危害的重要措施。为获得FCR优异抗源，本研究用黄淮麦区小麦FCR优势致病菌假禾谷镰孢菌株WZ-8A，对中国与河南省推广种植的194份小麦品种（系）进行温室抗性鉴定，并用已报道的25个与FCR抗性和5个与赤霉病抗性相关标记对其进行分子检测。结果表明，194份供试材料中，无免疫或高抗品种（系）；仅3份表现中抗（1.6%）；表现中感与高感的材料分别为34个（15.5%）和157个（80.9%）。30个分子标记中，25个在不同材料间呈现多态性，推测与FCR抗性基因连锁的标记只有2个，为Xwmc397与XsdauK86，分别是抗茎基腐病位点Qcr-Xwmc397与抗赤霉病基因Fhb7的连锁标记，携带Qcr-Xwmc397的材料病情指数显著低于未携带的材料（P<0.05）。三个中抗材料（存麦128、中育1123、YN903-18）可作为小麦FCR抗性改良抗源，筛选的2个分子标记可用于小麦抗FCR育种。

英文摘要:

Fusarium crown rot(FCR) seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. Breeding and planting resistant cultivars is an important approach for reducing FCR damage. In order to obtain germplasm resources highly resistant to FCR, in this study, the FCR resistance of 194 wheat cultivars(lines) were evaluated, which widely planted in the whole country and Henan Province of China, using the dominant pathogen Fusarium pseudograminearum isolate WZ-8A in Huang-Huai wheat region at seedling stage in a greenhouse. The wheat cultivars/lines were detected using molecular markers, among which 25 quantitative trait loci(QTLs) associated with FCR resistance and five QTLs associated with Fusarium head blight(FHB). The results showed that among the 194 cultivars(lines), none of these wheat materials was either immune or highly resistant to FCR. Only three cultivars showed moderate resistance to FCR, accounting for 1.6% of the tested materials. While 34(15.5%) and 157(80.9%) were moderately, or highly susceptible to the disease, respectively. Out of the 30 molecular markers, 25 showed polymorphism among different cultivars(lines), and two of which, Xwmc397 and XsdauK86, were possibly associated with FCR resistance. Xwmc397 and XsdauK86 were linked to Qcr-Xwmc397 for FCR resistance and Fhb7 for FHB resistance, respectively. Disease index of wheat cultivars(lines) with Qcr-Xwmc397 was significantly lower than that of the cultivars(lines) without Qcr-Xwmc397(P<0.05). Three cultivars(lines) with moderate resistance(Cunmai 128, Zhongyu 1123, and YN903-18) can be utilized as resistance germplasm sources for improving wheat FCR resistance. Two molecular markers screened may be used to breed wheat cultivars with FCR resistance.

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