| In order to explore the genetic rules of important traits of the spring wheat varieties(lines) in Xinjiang in the past 40 years, 65 spring wheat varieties of different decades from 1985 to 2024 and 2 lines to be approved were used as materials. The main traits of wheat were subjected for genetic variation, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and comprehensive analysis. The agronomic traits among different varieties(lines) showed rich genetic diversity. The diversity index of 67 wheat materials ranged from 1.96 to 2.08, with the largest thousand-grain weight of 2.08 and the smallestpeduncle length of 1.96. The number of grains per spike was significantly(P<0.01) positively correlated with plant height, flag leaf width, flag leaf area, and ear length, and was significantly(P<0.05) positively correlated with peduncle diameter and flag leaf length; the number of thousand-grain weight was significantly(P<0.01) positively correlated with peduncle diameter, flag leaf width, and was significantly(P<0.05) positively correlated with flag leaf area. Principal component analysis converted 9 traits into 3 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 72.049%. Combined with theweighted contribution rate of the 3 principal component factors, the top 10 materials with the highest comprehensive score were Xinchun 35, Xinchun 45, Xinchun 41, Xinhan 688, Liangchun 1571, Xinchun 8, Xinchun 20, Liangchun 1242, Xinchun 18, and Xinchun 16, which can be promoted as excellent varieties for planting. |
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