| To investigate the effect of the ratio of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer on soil nitrogen transformation and winter wheat grain yield and quality, a two-growth season field experiment was conducted. Six treatments were set up in Yuanyang county, Henan, including no fertilization(CK), no nitrogen fertilization(N0), conventional nitrogen fertilization(N180), 25% nitrogen substituted with organic fertilizer(T25), 50% nitrogen substituted with organic fertilizer(T50), and 100% nitrogen substituted with organic fertilizer(T100). The differences in soil nitrogen content, nitrogen conversion enzyme activity, wheat yield, and ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, protein, free amino acids, glutamine, and asparagine in wheat grains were analyzed under different treatments. The results showed that compared to the N180 treatment, T25, T50, and T100 treatments decreased soil ammonium contents, and T50 treatment significantly increased nitrate content in 0—20 cm and 20—40 cm soil layers. Compared to CK and N180 treatments, organic fertilization increased soil organic nitrogen content in topsoil. T25, T50, and T100 treatments both increased the activity of soil urease, protease, nitrate reductase, and nitrite reductase. The wheat yield and the contents of ammonium, protein, glutamine and asparagine in wheat grain were highest under T50 treatment. In summary, in the wheat planting area of northern Henan, 50% nitrogen reduction by chemical fertilizer combined with 50% organic fertilizer can promote soil nitrogen conversion and improve wheat yield and quality effectively. |
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