| In order to understand the changes in morphological traits and physiological functions of wheat roots under low temperature stress in spring and their relationship with the low temperature resistance of varieties, and to clarify the alleviating effect of irrigation before low temperature stress on wheat root damage, outdoor potted cultivation was adopted, using a strong cold resistance variety Bainong 207 and a weak cold resistance variety Zhoumai 18 as materials. The root growth and development characteristics of different cold resistant wheat varieties and the alleviating effect of irrigation on low temperature stress were studied. The results showed that under low temperature stress (T1) at jointing stage, the total root length, root volume, root dry weight, and root vigor of wheat plants all showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with the advancement of the growth period, while the number of secondary roots per plant showed a decreasing trend. Under T1 treatment at the booting stage, the total root length, root volume, number of secondary roots, and root dry weight per plant all showed a decreasing trend, while the root vigor showed an increasing trend. Under T1 treatment at jointing and booting stages, the root traits of the strong cold resistant variety Bainong 207 showed relatively small changes. The number of secondary roots per plant, root vigor, and yield were significantly higher than those of the weak cold resistant variety Zhoumai 18. Compared to T1 treatment, the number of secondary roots per plant increased under irrigation and low temperature stress (T2) treatment, with a significant change observed in the weak cold resistant variety Zhoumai 18. The results of correlation analysis, multiple stepwise regression, and path analysis showed that under the T1 treatment in spring, cold resistant varieties had higher secondary root numbers and root vifor per plant. Among them, under the T1 treatment at jointing and booting stages, root vigor at booting stage, dry weight of root per plant at flowering stage, and secondary root numbers per plant at booting stage contributed significantly to yield, while under the T2 treatment, the secondary root numbers per plant at booting and maturity stages contributed significantly. In summary, under low temperature stress in spring, higher root vigor and the number of secondary roots per plant play an important role in wheat yield, while irrigation before low temperature stress mainly increases yield by increasing the number of secondary roots per plant in the later stage of growth. |
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