| In order to explore the suitable regulation technique for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of late-sowing wheat after rice stubble, this experiment was carried out in 2019-2021 (20-day postponed sowing during the broadcast period), with Yangmai 29 as material. A two-factor randomized block experiment was conducted to explore the effects of two types of nitrogen application rate (210 kg·hm-2 and 270 kg·hm-2) and 3 types of nitrogen ratio (basal∶tillering∶jointing as 7∶1∶2, 5∶1∶4, and 3∶3∶4, respectively) on yield and grain quality of late sowing strong-gluten wheat. The results showed that both N application rate and N ratio significantly affected the yield of Yangmai 29（P＜0.01）. When the nitrogen rate increased from 210 kg·hm-2 to 270 kg·hm-2, the spike number, grain number per spike and yield of Yangmai 29 showed an increasing trend. As nitrogen fertilizer was applied later, the number of grains per spike, thousand-grain weight, and yield all showed an increasing trend. Among them, the average yield of the treatment with a base to top dressing ratio of 3∶3∶4 in two years was 2.27% and 7.69% higher than that of the 5∶1∶4 and 7∶1∶2 treatments, respectively. The nitrogen application rate and nitrogen fertilizer application ratio had a significant impact on quality indicators such as protein content, wet gluten content, dough development time, stability time, bread volume, and bread score, but had no significant effect on grain hardness, water absorption, water SRC, and sucrose SRC. Increasing the nitrogen application rate or shifting nitrogen fertilizer later was beneficial for improving indicators such as protein content, wet gluten content, dough development time, stability time, bread volume, and bread score. Under the 270 kg·hm-2 or 210 kg·hm-2 nitrogen application rate, and base to top ratio of 3∶3∶4, the bread score was greater than 80 points, reaching the standard of high-quality and strong gluten wheat. In summary, under late sowing conditions, the strong gluten wheat Yangmai 29 can achieve a synergistic increase in yield and quality with a nitrogen application rate of 270 kg·hm-2 and a ratio of 3∶3∶4 for basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer, and jointing fertilizer. |
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