| In order to determine the vertical root distribution and root tip characteristics of drought-resistant wheat variety, the study was carried out under two water conditions of rain fed and high yield irrigation with two drought-resistant wheat varieties, Xinmai 39, and Luohan 22, and two drought-sensitive varieties, Zhoumai 36, and Zhengmai 369, as experimental materials. The yield and root morphologic indexes of the two groups of wheat varieties were compared under different water conditions. The results showed that the grain yield of drought-resistant varieties was higher than that of drought-sensitive varieties under rain-fed conditions, but the yield performance was opposite under high-yield irrigation conditions. The root length, dry weight and volume of the two groups were significantly different. The drought-resistant varieties had higher values for length, dry weight and volume of the root than the drought-sensitive varieties did in the surface (0-20 cm), middle (20-40 cm) and deep (40-60 cm) soil layers. The root length, dry weight and volume of surface and middle soil layers under rain fed conditions were significantly lower than those under high yield irrigation conditions, but their performances were opposite in deep soil layer. The root tip number and root tip length of drought-resistant varieties in different soil layers were higher than that of drought-sensitive varieties, while the root tip diameter of the former was smaller than that of the latter. Under high-yield irrigation conditions, the root tip length and root tip numbers of drought-resistant varieties in surface soil layer were 17.2% and 24.11% higher, respectively, and the root tip diameter was 14.2% significantly lower than those of drought-sensitive varieties. Compared with high yield irrigation treatment, the root tip length and diameter of rain fed treatment in different soil layers decreased, and the root tip numbers in surface soil layer decreased, but the root tip number in middle and deep soil layers increased. It was suggested that the root growth and development of drought-resistant wheat varieties was better than that of drought sensitive varietives, which was helpful to adapt to drought stress and increased yield. |
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