| In this study, two main varieties Zhoumai 30 and Zhoumai 32 in Henan Province were used as materials from 2021 to 2023, and the differences of irrigating water and fertilizer use efficiency between seminal and nodal roots of wheat were investigated by pot cultivation experiments with root displacement method. A total of seven treatments were set up: designated as the seminal roots and nodal roots irrigated and fertilized separately (CK), no irrigation for seminal roots (SRW0), no fertilization for seminal roots (SRF0), no irrigation and fertilization for seminal roots (SRW0F0), no irrigation for nodal roots (NRW0), no fertilization for nodal roots (NRF0), and no irrigation and fertilization for nodal roots (NRW0F0). The root dry matter, root vigor, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in roots were analyzed at six growth stages, including overwintering stage, re-greening stage, jointing stage, anthesis stage, grain filling stage, and maturity stage. Yield and its components, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in grains, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and irrigating water use efficiency were investigated. The results showed that the dry matter of wheat seminal roots per plant was higher than that of nodal roots at overwintering stage, and that under all treatments reached the maximum value at anthesis stage. The dry matter of nodal roots was higher than that of the seminal roots after the re-greening stage, and all treatments reached the maximum value at the grain filling stage. The change trend of root vigor under each treatment showed that the vigor of nodal roots was always higher than that of seminal roots at different growth stages, and the root vigor of seminal roots and nodal roots reached the maximum value at re-greening stage and jointing stage under all treatments. Under the separate root irrigation and fertilization conditions, the phosphorus accumulation in grains and nitrogen and potassium use efficiency at maturity stage were lower in seminal root insufficient water and fertiilizer treatments than those in nodal root insufficient water and fertiilizer treatments (SRW00, SRF00, and SRW0F00F0), while the nitrogen and potassium accumulation in grains and phosphorus use efficiency, the grain yield and its components, irrigating water use efficiency were higher in seminal root insufficent water and fertilizer treatments than those in nodal root insufficent water and fertilizer treatments(NRW00, NRF00, and NRW0F00F0). The growth and development of seminal roots were better than those of nodal roots at the early growth stage of wheat, but weaker at the middle and late growth stages, while the root vigor of seminal roots was lower than that of nodal roots at different growth stages. The seminal roots were the main organ in phosphorus absorption and utilization, while the nodal roots was very important for the absorption and utilization of nitrogen, potassium and irrigating water. |
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