| In order to explore the effects of ethyl Methanesulfonate(EMS) on germination and major phenotypic trait mutations in M1 generation plants of barley, seeds of variety Xinpi 6 were soaked in EMS solutions with concentrations of 0.00%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, and 0.20% for 10 h. The impact of each EMS concentration on seed germination potential, germination rate, mortality rate, aberration rate, chlorophyll content, root vitality, and morphological indices of seedling were analyzed. The mutation types and frequencies of major traits in M1 generation plants after treatment with optimum EMS were recorded. The results showed that EMS significantly inhibited seed germination and growth, leading to a large number of trait mutations. Soaking in 0.10% EMS solution significantly decreased seed germination potential, germination rate, chlorophyll content, and root vitality, while increased mortality rate and aberration rate. Different concentrations of EMS had varying degrees of inhibition on root length, shoot length, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots. However, the dry weight of coleoptile under 0.15% and 0.20% EMS treatments was significantly higher than that under other treatments. Field statistics revealed that the major trait mutations in M1 generation plants mainly exhibited in stem, leaf, panicle shape, and fertility. These mutations resulted in a diverse range of traits, including red stalk, dwarf, red leaves, curly awn, spike malformation, low seed-setting rate, and low tillering. The mutation frequencies for these traits were 20.17%, 4.87%, 1.08%, 16.67%, 0.94%, 14.00%, and 6.02%, respectively. There froe, EMS mutagenesis may be used to establish a mutant library and creat germplasm resources of barley. |
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