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为探究不同燕麦种质资源蛋白质含量的生理差异，以高蛋白燕麦种质A34和低蛋白燕麦种质B23为材料，采用大田试验分析了籽粒蛋白质含量及花后相关代谢酶活性的动态变化规律。结果显示，种质资源A34和B23籽粒蛋白质含量在开花后的变化规律相似。与B23相比，A34的旗叶谷氨酰胺合成酶活性在花后5~15 d显著降低，花后20~30 d显著升高；花后5~30 d，A34旗叶的硝酸还原酶、丙酮酸磷酸二激酶、谷氨酸合成酶、天冬酰胺合成酶活性以及游离氨基酸含量显著升高，籽粒谷氨酸丙酮酸转氨酶活性和可溶性糖含量显著降低。这表明种质资源A34通过调控叶片和籽粒蛋白质相关代谢酶活性促进籽粒蛋白质的积累。

英文摘要:

In order to investigate the physiological differences of protein content in different oat germplasm resources, field experiments were conducted to analyze the dynamic changes of grain protein content and the related metabolic enzyme activities after anthesis using a high protein oat germplasm resource A34 and a low protein oat germplasm resource B23 as materials. The results showed that the grain protein content of germplasm A34 and B23 had similar changes after flowering. Compared with B23, the activity of glutamine synthetase in flag leaves of A34 was significantly decreased at 5-15 days after anthesis and then significantly increased at 20-30 days after anthesis. Compared with B23, the activities of nitrate reductase, pyruvate phosphate dikinase, glutamate synthase, and asparagine synthetase and free amino acid content in A34 flag leaves were significantly increased at 5-30 days after flowering, while the activities of glutamate pyruvate aminotransferase and soluble sugar content in grains were significantly decreased. In summary, the germplasm resource A34 promoted the accumulation of grain protein by regulating the activities of leaf and grain protein related metabolic enzymes.

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