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作者	单位
刘海英，陈芸，茹振钢，陈向东，孔陈源，黄康兴，冯必得，马峥鸣，杨轩林	(1.河南师范大学生命科学学院，河南新乡453007；2.河南科技学院小麦中心，河南新乡453003)

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中文摘要:

为探究外源茉莉酸甲酯（methyl jasmonate，MeJA）对小麦温敏雄性不育系BNS366雄性育性的影响，以BNS366及其近等基因系郑麦366为试验材料，在正常秋季播种（2020年10月12日）和晚播（2020年12月2日）条件下，分别于2021年3月22日和3月31日开始至开花期前，设置0（清水，对照）、50、100、200、300、400 和500 μmol·L^-1 MeJA（水溶液，喷施）7个处理，比较分析了不同处理间花粉可育率和自交结实率的差异。结果表明：在正常秋季播种条件下，郑麦366花粉可育率、国内法自交结实率和国际法自交结实率分别为86.31%、70.36%和112.22%，在晚播条件下分别为82.53%、92.53%和166.18%，均正常可育；在正常秋季播种条件下，200 μmol·L^-1MeJA处理的国际法自交结实率为70.15%，比对照显著降低了42.07个百分点；在晚播条件下，200、300和500 μmol·L^-1 MeJA处理的国内法自交结实率分别为74.71%、74.01%和73.45%，比对照显著降低了17.82、18.52和19.08个百分点；在两个播期下，郑麦366其他浓度MeJA处理的上述3个指标与对照差异均不显著。在正常秋季播种条件下，BNS366花粉可育率为零，达到全不育水平，国内法自交结实率和国际法自交结实率均为0.24%，100 μmol·L^-1MeJA处理的花粉可育率为88.25%，达到正常可育水平，国内法自交结实率和国际法自交结实率分别为56.41%和94.01%，能正常结实，与对照差异达到显著水平；在晚播条件下，BNS366的上述3个指标分别为51.72%、41.23%和93.08%，正常可育，100 μmol·L^-1MeJA处理的国际法自交结实率为39.72%，比对照显著降低了53.36个百分点；在两个播期下，BNS366其他浓度MeJA处理的上述3个指标与对照差异均不显著。由此说明，在2020-2021年，外源MeJA对郑麦366和BNS366可育植株的雄性育性可能具有降低效应，对BNS366不育植株的雄性不育性具有较强恢复效应。

英文摘要:

To explore the effect of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on male fertility of thermo-sensitive genic male sterile wheat line BNS366, BNS366 and its near-isogenic line Zhengmai 366 were used as materials which were sown under conditions of normal sowing in autumn (on October 12th, 2020) and late sowing (on December 2nd,2020). In the spring of 2021, 7 concentrations of MeJA solutions (0-water /CK, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 μmol·L^-1) were sprayed on the wheat plant, from March 22nd (for the materials under the conditions of normal sowing in autumn) and from March 31st (for the materials under the conditions of late sowing) to anthesis stage. A comparative analysis was conducted on the differences in pollen fertility and self-fertilization rates among different treatments. The results showed that under normal sowing in autumn, the pollen fertility rate of Zhengmai 366, the self-pollination fertility rate calculated by domestic and international methods were 86.31%, 70.36%, and 112.22%, respectively. Under late sowing conditions, they were 82.53%, 92.53%, and 166.18%, respectively, indicating all of them were normal fertility. Under normal autumn sowing conditions and 200 μmol·L^-1 MeJA treatment, the self-pollination rate calculated by international method was 70.15%, significantly reduced by 42.07 percentage points compared to the control group. Under both sowing conditions, there were no significant difference in the three indices above mentioned of Zhengmai 366 under others MeJA treatments compared with CK. Under normal autumn sowing conditions, the pollen fertility rate of BNS366 was 0, which was completely male sterility. The self-pollination fertility rates is 0.24%. The fertility rate of pollen treated with 100 μmol·L^-1 MeJA was 88.25%, reaching the normal fertility level. The domestic and international self-pollination fertility rates were 56.41% and 94.01%, respectively, indicating normal fertility, and the difference was significant compared to the control group. Under late sowing conditions, the above three indicators of BNS366 were 51.72%, 41.23%, and 93.08%, respectively, indicating normal fertility; and the international self-pollination fertility rate of 100 μmol·L^-1 MeJA treatment was 39.72%, which was significantly reduced by 53.36 percentage points compared to the control group. Under two sowing conditions, the above three indicators of BNS366 treated with other concentrations of MeJA were not significantly different from the control. This indicates that from 2020 to 2021, exogenous MeJA may have a reducing effect on the male fertility of fertile plants in Zhengmai 366 and BNS366, it has a strong restoring effect on the male sterility of BNS366 sterile plants.

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