In order to undeseand the differences in yield and quality formation between different spring wheat varieties under organic and conventional cultivation conditions, and to further screen high-quality and high-yield spring wheat varieties suitable for organic cultivation, ten main wheat varieties grown in the northern spring wheat region were used as experimental materials, and a comprehensive evaluation method of quality yield was used through field experiments, combining principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The comprehensive evaluation of grain quality and yield of the wheat varieties under organic and conventional cultivation modes was systematically analyzed. The results showed that there were significant differences in grain yield, protein quality indicators, bulk density, flour yield, and dough rheological properties among different varieties (P<0.05). Compared with conventional cultivation, the number of panicles per unit area, grains per panicle, thousand grain weight, and yield of the 10 varieties under organic cultivation were decreased by 15.1%, 42.9%, 12.5%, and 21.4%, respectively. The protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation volume, bulk density, and flour yield were decreased by 32.9%, 44.0%, 52.9%, 8.2%, and 1.0%, respectively. The water absorption rate, dough stability time, dough development time, stretching area, dough ductility, and maximum resistance were decreased by 11.5%, 36.2%, 40.3%, 1.0%, 20.5%, and 10.2%, respectively. Through principal component analysis, four principal components were extracted from the 11 quality indicators, with a cumulative contribution of 91.17%. Among them, the indicators that contributed more were protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation volume, extensibility area, flour yield and maximum resistance. Based on the combined scores of the quality components and yield clustering, five varieties with both high quality and high yield potential were selected under the two cultivation modes. In summary, Longmai 26 has good grain yield and quality performance under both organic and conventional cultivation, and is suitable for promotion in the Hetao irrigation area. |