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作者	单位
杜晓霖，何瑞，展宗冰，刘风，白斌	（1.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院，甘肃兰州 730070； 2.甘肃省农业科学院小麦研究所，甘肃兰州 730070；3.甘肃省农业科学院，甘肃兰州730070）

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中文摘要:

为了解甘肃省近20年育成的106份冬小麦品种（系）中加工品质性状相关基因分布情况，用22个分子标记对供试材料的HMW-GS、LMW-GS、面粉色泽及籽粒硬度等品质性状相关基因进行了分析。结果发现，供试品种（系）的HMW-GS相关基因中，在Glu-A1位点检测到34份品种（系）含有AxNull，频率为32.08%；在Glu-B1位点检测到Bx7+By8和Bx14+By15共2种基因组合，分别占17.92%和25.47%；在Glu-D1位点检测到11份品种（系）含有Dx5+Dy10，占10.38%。对LMW-GS鉴定结果显示，29份品种（系）含Glu-A3d基因，分布频率为27.36%。HMW-GS和LMW-GS亚基组合中，含有4个、3个和2个位点优质亚基基因组合的品种（系）分别占0.94%、8.49%和3.77%。对面粉色泽相关基因Ppo-A1、Ppo-D1、Psy-A1、Lox-B1和TaPod-A1位点的检测发现，优异等位变异占比分别为39.62%、50.94%、31.13%、30.19%和38.68%。对籽粒硬度相关基因检测发现，在Pina、Pinb和Pinb-2等位变异位点的检测到6种基因型，分别为Pina-D1a、Pina-D1b、Pinb-D1a、Pinb-D1b、Pinb-2v2和Pinb-2v3，分别占比90.57%、9.43%、41.51%、58.49%、14.15%和85.85%。综上所述，甘肃省近20年育成的小麦品种（系）中，麦谷蛋白亚基、籽粒硬度和面粉色泽相关基因组成丰富，但品质性状相关优质基因出现频率低且聚合多位点优势基因品种（系）少，品质改良工作亟需进一步加强。

英文摘要:

To understand the distribution of processing quality related genes in 106 winter wheat varieties(lines) bred in Gansu Province in the past 20 years, 22 molecular markers were used to analyze the quality traits related genes such as HMW-GS, LMW-GS, flour color, and grain hardness of the tested materials. The results showed that at the Glu-A1 locus, 34 tested varieties(lines) carried AxNull, with a frequency of 32.08%. Two gene combinations, Bx7+By8 and Bx14+By15, were detected at the Glu-B1 locus, accounting for 17.92% and 25.47%, respectively. Eleven varieties(lines) containing Dx5+Dy10 were detected at the Glu-D1 locus, accounting for 10.38%. The identification results of LMW-GS showed that 29 varieties(lines) contained Glu-A3d genes, with a distribution frequency of 27.36%. For the combination of HMW-GS and LMW-GS subunits, varieties(lines) containing 4, 3 and 2 high-quality subunit gene combinations accounted for 0.94%, 8.49% and 3.77%, respectively. The detection of Ppo-A1, Ppo-D1, Psy-A1, Lox-B1 and TaPod-A1 loci related to flour color revealed that the proportion of prior allelic variations was 39.62%, 50.94%, 31.13%, 30.19% and 38.68%, respectively. The detection of grain hardness-related genes showed that six genotypes were detected at Pina-D1a, Pina-D1b, Pinb-D1a, Pinb-D1a, Pinb-D1b, Pinb-2v2 and Pinb-2v3 loci, accounting for 90.57%, 9.43%, 41.51%, 58.49%, 14.15% and 85.85%, respectively. In summary, among the wheat cultivar(lines) bred in Gansu Province in the last 20 years, the genetic composition of wheat gluten subunit, grain hardness and flour color is abundant, but the frequency of high-quality genes related to quality traits is low. There are few varieties with multi-loci prior genes, and the quality improvement breeding work needs to be further strengthened.

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