| 单宝雪，刘秀坤，肖延军，展晓孟，黄金鑫，刘百川，张玉梅，李豪圣，刘建军，高 欣,曹新有，赵振东.小麦矮秆基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b的降秆效应及株高相关QTL挖掘[J].麦类作物学报,2023,43(9):1105 |
| 小麦矮秆基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b的降秆效应及株高相关QTL挖掘 |
| Height Reduced Effect of Wheat Dwarf Genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b and Mining of Plant Height Related QTL |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 株高 矮秆基因 QTL SNP芯片 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Plant height Dwarfing genes QTL SNP array |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（31901543）；国家小麦产业技术体系项目（CARS-03-06）；山东省泰山产业领军人才项目（LJNY202006）；山东省重点研发计划项目（2020CXGC010805） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 株高是决定小麦抗倒伏能力的重要农艺性状，为验证已克隆矮秆基因Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b的降秆效应、并发掘新的株高相关QTL位点，以济麦44×济麦229构建的285份重组自交系（RIL）群体为材料,于2020-2021年（济南）和2021-2022年（济南和济阳）在试验基地种植并调查每个家系的株高。利用已开发的Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b特异性分子标记检测群体内家系基因型，分析不同基因型间株高差异，利用小麦55K SNP芯片进行基因型检测并构建了高密度遗传连锁图谱，对株高进行QTL定位分析。结果表明，285份RIL家系中，82份材料含有Rht-B1b基因，78份材料含有Rht-D1b基因，29份材料同时含有Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b基因。根据基因检测结果，Rht-B1b可降低株高6.76~8.83 cm（8.10%~10.75%），Rht-D1b可降低株高11.68~16.60 cm（14.68%~17.36%），Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b基因同时存在可降低株高8.85~35.80 cm（11.05%~34.82%）。2 344个骨架标记用于构建遗传连锁图谱，图谱总长度3 349.95 cM，标记平均密度为1.43/cM。株高性状QTL分析共检测到6个QTL，分布于1A、1B、2B、4B和4D染色体上，单个QTL可以解释0.81%~32.32%的表型变异，检测到2个在3个环境及BLUE值下稳定存在的主效的QTL，为已克隆的Rht-B1b和Rht-D1b基因，分别可以解释10.40%~20.12%和22.25%~32.32%的表型变异。此外，Qph.saas-4D.1和Qph.saas-2B.2可在2个环境下被检测到，其中Qph.saas-4D.1与多个前人的研究得到的QTL位点相近，可能为同一QTL位点，Qph.saas-2B.2未发现与前人研究的结果重合，可能为株高新QTL位点，研究结果将为进一步矮秆基因的精细定位和矮化育种提供理论参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Plant height is an important agronomic trait that determines lodging resistance of wheat. In order to verify the reduced effect of the cloned dwarf genes Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b and discover new QTL related to plant height, 285 recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations derived from Jimai 44×Jimai 229 were planted and investigated at the experimental site in 2020-2021 (Jinan) and 2021-2022 (Jinan and Jiyang).The developed Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b specific molecular markers were used to detect the genotypes, the plant height differences between different genotypes were analyzed. A high-density genetic linkage map was constructed with the genotyping analysis by wheat 55K SNP array, and QTL related to plant height was analyzed. The results showed that of the 285 RIL families, 82 materials contained Rht-B1b genes; 78 materials contained Rht-D1b genes; and 29 materials contained both Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b genes. According to the results of genotyping analysis, Rht-B1b can reduce plant height by 6.76-8.83 cm (8.10%-10.75%). Rht-D1b reduced plant height by 11.68-16.60 cm (14.68%-17.36%), and the coexistence of Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b genes reduced plant height by 8.85-35.80 cm(11.05%-34.82%). A total of 2 344 markers were used to construct a genetic linkage map, with a total length of 3 349.95 cM and an average marker density of 1.43/cM. Six QTLs were detected by QTL analysis, distributed on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2B, 4B, and 4D. A single QTL can explain 0.81%-32.32% of phenotypic variations, and two main QTLs stable under the three environments and BLUE values were detected, which were the cloned Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b genes, explaining 10.40%-20.12% and 22.25%-32.32% of the phenotypic variations, respectively. In addition, Qph.saas-4D.1 and Qph.saas-2B.2 can be detected in two environments, of which Qph.saas-4D.1 is similar to the QTL reported by multiple previous studies, and Qph.saas-2B.2, being a novel QTL, has not been reported previously. The results will provide a theoretical reference for fine mapping and dwarf breeding of wheat. |
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