姚 远,马 泉,郑国利,李春燕,丁锦峰,朱 敏,郭文善,朱新开.麦/稻秸秆还田氮在后茬稻/麦植株中的分配去向探析[J].麦类作物学报,2023,(8):1047 |
麦/稻秸秆还田氮在后茬稻/麦植株中的分配去向探析 |
Distribution of Nitrogen from the Wheat/Rice Straw Returned to the Field in Wheat Rice Rotation |
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DOI: |
中文关键词: 水稻 小麦 15N标记 秸秆还田 腐熟剂 氮素分配 |
英文关键词:Rice Wheat 15N labeling Straw returning Decomposing agent Nitrogen distribution |
基金项目:江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BE2022312);江苏省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JATS\[2022\]502);江苏高校优势学科建设工程 |
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中文摘要: |
为探究秸秆还田氮在后茬稻/麦中的有效性及其去向,运用15N同位素示踪技术,设置秸秆直接还田、秸秆添加腐熟剂还田两个处理,采用大田微区试验连续种植一季冬小麦和一季水稻,分析15N标记的水稻和小麦秸秆氮在后茬小麦、水稻不同生育时期植株各器官的分配及去向特征。结果表明,秸秆直接还田处理与秸秆添加腐熟剂还田处理下,稻田中小麦还田秸秆的当季腐解率分别为72.71%和80.18%,麦田中水稻还田秸秆的当季腐解率分别为58.53%和68.90%,水稻季显著高于小麦季;小麦季和水稻季植株吸收的氮素中,来自还田前茬秸秆15N 氮的比例不同,其中小麦季分别为3.13%~3.36%和3.72%~3.85%,水稻季分别为3.19%~3.84%和3.60%~4.20%,水稻季略高于小麦季。与秸秆直接还田处理相比,秸秆添加腐熟剂还田处理能显著促进秸秆腐解,增加小麦和水稻各时期植株对还田秸秆15N 氮的利用率,并提高还田标记15N 氮在土壤中的残留率,抑制还田秸秆中15N 氮的损失率,即采用秸秆添加腐熟剂还田能提高秸秆氮素转化率和有效性。 |
英文摘要: |
To explore the effectiveness and distribution of straw returning nitrogen in wheat rice rotation and provide a basis for reasonable straw returning to the field,in this experiment, 15N isotope tracing technology was used to design two treatments: returning straw directly to the field (SR) and returning the straw to the field with a decomposing agent (FSR). A field micro-plot experiment of wheat-rice rotation was performed to study the distribution and fate of 15N-labeled rice and wheat straw nitrogen at different growth stages of wheat and rice. The results showed that the seasonal decomposition rate of wheat straw in paddy field was 72.71 % and 80.18%, respectively, and the seasonal decomposition rate of rice straw in wheat field was 58.53 % and 68.90%, respectively.The rice season showed significantly higher decomposition rate than the wheat season did, under SR and FSR. The proportion of 15N-nitrogen (%Ndfs) from the previous straw returning to the field was different in the nitrogen absorbed by the wheat and rice seasons. Among them, the wheat season was 3.13%~3.36%, and 3.72%~3.85%; the rice season was 3.19%~3.84%, and 3.60%~4.20%, slightly higher inthe rice season. Compared with SR, FSR significantly promoted the decomposition of the straw, increased the utilization rate of 15N-nitrogen of the returning straw for wheat and rice at different stages, increased the residual rate of returning marker 15N-nitrogen in soil, and inhibited the loss rate of 15N-nitrogen in returning straw. The conclusion is that the nitrogen conversion rate and effectiveness of straw can be improved by adding decomposing agent to the field. |
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