| 梁永波, 李浩然, 张志慧, 梁红凯, 韩东伟,王建伟, 王红光, 李东晓, 李瑞奇.黄淮北部不同小麦品种（系）株型性状与产量关系研究[J].麦类作物学报,2022,(5):546 |
| 黄淮北部不同小麦品种（系）株型性状与产量关系研究 |
| Study on the Relationship between Plant Architecture Characters and Yield of Different Wheat Varieties(Lines) in the North of Huang-Huai Plain |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2022.05.04 |
| 中文关键词: 黄淮北部 冬小麦 株型性状 产量 |
| 英文关键词:North of Huang-Huai Plain Winter wheat Plant architecture traits Yield |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-03-05)；国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300909)；河北省教育厅科学研究计划项目(QN2019046)；河北省自然科学基金项目(C2019204358)；保定市科技计划项目(1911ZN010) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确黄淮北部地区不同品种（系）株型性状与产量的关系，在2018-2019年和2019-2020年分别对黄淮北部麦区19个和21个供试小麦品种（系）的株型和产量性状进行了调查和分析。结果表明，通过聚类分析，在供试品种（系）中，高产型占5.3%～14.3%，低产型占19.0%～21.1%，中高产和中产型占66.7%～73.7%；通过对29个株型性状的因子分析，旗叶长和面积对不同品种（系）小麦株型性状变异的贡献最大；经相关分析，小麦产量与倒3叶宽、倒2节间长、倒3节间长、倒4节间长呈显著正相关，与倒1节间构成指数、倒2叶基角、旗叶披垂度呈显著或极显著负相关，倒4节间长与有效穗数呈显著正相关，旗叶长、穗长、倒1节间长、倒1节间构成指数、倒3节间构成指数、倒3叶基角、旗叶披垂度与有效穗数均呈显著或极显著负相关，说明株型性状对有效穗数的形成具有重要影响。综上，黄淮北片麦区高产型品种（系）(产量>9 000 kg·hm-2)的适宜株型指标：全生育期233~237 d，株高80.00~83.00 cm,株高构成指数>0.61,穗长7.0～7.4 cm,旗叶长13 cm左右，宽1.4 cm左右，旗叶基角<16°，倒2节间长16.5～18.2 cm，倒3节间长11.5～12.0 cm。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to clarify the relationship between plant architecture characters and yield of different wheat varieties(lines) in the north part of Huang-Huai Plain, A field experiment was conducted in 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 at Xinji Station, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province.Based on the factor analysis of 29 plant architecture traits, the maximum variation parameter of plant architecture traits included flag leaf length and area for the 21 tested wheat varieties(lines). The tested cultivars(lines) could be classified into four groups, i.e. high-yield, medium high-yield, middle-yield, and low-yield according to cluster analysis by plant architecture. Among the 21 cultivars(lines), high-yield cultivars(lines) accounted for 5.3%-14.3%, low-yield cultivars(lines) accounted for 19.0%-21.1%, and other cultivars(lines) accounted for 66.7%-73.7%. The correlation analysis showed that there was significantly positive correlation between wheat yield and top third leaf width, top second internode length, top third internode length, top fourth internode length; but a significant or very significant negative correlation was observed between yield and inverted 1 internode composition index, inverted 2 leaf base angle, drooping degree of flag leaf. 4 nodes length and effective spike number were significantly or extremely significantly positive correlated. However, effective spike numberwas significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with flag leaf length, panicle length, inverted 1 internode, inverted 1 internode composition index, inverted 3 internode composition index, inverted 3 leaf base angle, and flag leaf drooping degree. These also suggested that plant architecture traits had influenced on the formation of effective ears number. In conclusion, the optimal plant architecture indexes of high-yield(> 9 000 kg·hm-2) wheat varieties(lines) in the north of Huang-Huai area were put forward as follows:the whole growth period was about 233-237 days, the plant height was about 80.00-83.00 cm, and the plant height composition index(IL) was more than 0.61. Panicle length was 7.0-7.4 cm; Flag leaves were about 13 cm long, 1.4 cm wide, and the angle between flag leaf base and the main stem was less than 16°. The top second internode length was 16.5-18.2 cm, and top third internode length was 11.5-12.0 cm. |
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