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作者	单位
周磊，王璐，米俊珍，王凤梧，焦伟红，刘景辉，赵宝平	（1.内蒙古农业大学农学院，内蒙古呼和浩特 010019； 2.内蒙古乌兰察布市农牧业科学研究院，内蒙古乌兰察布 012000 3.内蒙古乌兰察布市农业技术推广站，内蒙古乌兰察布 012000）

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中文摘要:

为了解不同播期下水热因子变化对燕麦生长、产量和品质的影响，以白燕2号裸燕麦品种为材料，于2018-2019年探究了5个不同播期（4月18、4月28日、5月8日、5月18日、5月28日）对燕麦生长、产量和品质的影响。结果表明：（1）随着播期的推后，燕麦生育期缩短5~14 d；播期每推迟10 d，营养生长期平均推迟5~9 d；燕麦拔节到抽穗期的降雨分配、全生育期降雨总量和苗期积温提高。（2）拔节到抽穗期的降雨量和整个生育期降雨总量增加有利于燕麦产量提高，分蘖到拔节期积温和拔节到抽穗期的降雨量与粗蛋白含量呈显著正相关，抽穗到灌浆期的降雨量与粗脂肪含量呈显著正相关，但灌浆到成熟期期间降雨不利于燕麦产量和品质的形成。（3）5月28日播种的燕麦生长表现最佳，株高、茎粗和籽粒产量分别较4月18日播种提高了21.57%、25.12%和24.91%；燕麦品质以5月18日播种表现最优，β-葡聚糖、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量分别较4月18日播种平均提高了43.11%、9.22%和14.65%。总之，我国北方燕麦主产区不同的播期主要因为各生育时期的降雨量不同而影响燕麦产量和品质，其中拔节到灌浆期间的降雨量增加有利于燕麦粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量提高，燕麦全生育期总降雨量增加有利于产量形成。

英文摘要:

In order to clarify the effects of hydrothermal factors at different sowing dates on oat growth and development, grain yield and quality, a field experiment were conducted with five sowing dates(18th and 28th April, 8th, 18th and 28th May) with a naked oat cultivar Baiyan 2 as the material in 2018-2019. The results showed that:with the delay of sowing date, the growth period of oat was gradually shortened by 5 to 14 days on average; vegetative growth period was delayed by 5 to 9 days for every 10 days delay of sowing date. The distribution of precipitation from jointing to heading stage, the total amount of precipitation in the whole growth period and the accumulated temperature at seedling stage of oats increased. The accumulated temperature from tillering to jointing stage and the precipitation from jointing to heading stage were significantly positively correlated with the content of crude protein, and the rainfall from heading to filling stage was significantly positively correlated with the content of crude fat, yet the precipitation from grain filling to maturity was not conducive to the formation of oat yield and quality. The plant height, stem diameter and grain yield of oat sown on May 28 were 21.57%, 25.12% and 24.91% higher than those sown on April 18, respectively. The quality of oat was the best when sown on May 18:The contents of β-glucan, crude protein and crude fat were increased by 43.11%, 9.22% and 14.65%, respectively compared with those sown on April 18. In conclusion, different sowing dates in the main oat growing areas of Northern China mainly affect the formation of oat yield and quality by adjusting the precipitation in each growth period. The increase of precipitation from jointing to filling stage is conducive to the increase of oat crude fat and crude protein content, and the increase of total precipitation in the whole growth period is conducive to the formation of oat yield.

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