| 苏 慧，李金鹏，胡燕美，朱玉磊，李金才，宋有洪.喷施KH2PO4对孕穗期低温胁迫下小麦叶片抗氧化特性与幼穗冻害的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2021,(5):585 |
| 喷施KH2PO4对孕穗期低温胁迫下小麦叶片抗氧化特性与幼穗冻害的影响 |
| Effect of Spraying KH2PO4 on Leaf Physiological Characteristics and Freezing Damage of Young Spike of Cold Stress at Wheat Booting Stage |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2021.05.09 |
| 中文关键词: 倒春寒 KH2PO4 小麦 形态解剖 生理特性 |
| 英文关键词:Late spring coldness KH2PO4 Triticum aestivum L Morphological anatomy Physiological characteristics |
| 基金项目:“十三五”国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0301307) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探讨低温胁迫发生前叶面喷施磷酸二氢钾（KH2PO4）对小麦小穗发育及旗叶生理特性的调节作用，以烟农19（冬性，低温不敏感型）和新麦26（半冬性，低温敏感型）为材料，利用盆栽试验，在小麦孕穗期于人工气候模拟箱内进行低温（2 ℃和-2 ℃）胁迫，并在低温处理前叶面喷施0.2% KH2PO4溶液，低温结束后分析了小麦幼穗冻害发生情况、小穗细胞结构、糖含量和旗叶生理特性的差异。结果表明，-2 ℃下小麦孕穗期冻害发生率显著高于2 ℃；不同低温处理下喷施KH2PO4均显著降低冻害的发生率，-2 ℃下喷施效果好于2 ℃；喷施KH2PO4后小麦旗叶叶绿素含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性均显著提高，丙二醛（MDA）含量显著降低；喷施KH2PO4有效减轻了小麦幼穗的冻害程度和保持上部小穗内部器官完整性，显著提高结实率，降低上部小穗蔗糖和果糖含量，增加还原糖含量。综上所述，小麦孕穗期低温发生前通过叶面喷施KH2PO4能有效增强旗叶抗逆性，减轻低温对小麦小穗造成的伤害，有利于穗部结构完整和产量形成，可作为黄淮海麦区孕穗期小麦防御倒春寒的有效措施。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to study the regulation of potassium dihydrogen phosphate(KH2PO4) on spikelet development and flag leaf physiological characteristics of wheat before low temperature stress,the pot experiment was conducted with Yannong 19(winterness,low temperature insensitive type) and Xinmai 26(semi-winterness,low temperature sensitive type) in the artificial climate simulation chamber at booting stage. KH2PO4 solution(2%) was sprayed on the leaves before the low temperature treatment（2 ℃and -2 ℃）. After the low temperature treatment,the occurrence of freezing injury,the cell structure of spikelets,sugar content and physiological characteristics of flag leaves were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the freezing injury rate of wheat at booting stage at -2 ℃ was significantly higher than that at 2 ℃; KH2PO4 spraying under different low temperature treatments significantly reduced the occurrence rate of freezing injury,and the effect of spraying at -2 ℃ was better than that at 2 ℃. After spraying KH2PO4,the content of chlorophyll in flag leaves,the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) in flag leaves of wheat were significantly increased,but the content of malondialdehyde(MDA) was significantly decreased. Spraying KH2PO4 effectively alleviated the freezing injury degree of wheat young ear and maintained the internal organ integrity of upper spikelet,significantly increased the seed setting rate and significantly reduced the upper part. The contents of sucrose and fructose in spikelets significantly increased the content of glucose sugar. In conclusion,spraying KH2PO4 before low temperature at booting stage can effectively enhance the stress resistance of flag leaves,alleviate the damage of low temperature on wheat spikelets,and is conducive to the integrity of ear structure and yield formation,which can be used as an effective measure to prevent late spring coldness in wheat area of Huang-Huai-Hai region. |
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