| In order to clarify the current fertilization status of winter wheat in Fenwei plain and guide grower to apply fertilizer rationally,22 districts/counties were selected to survey and analyze yield and nutrient input for two consecutive years. The results showed that the average yield of winter wheat in Fenhe plain and Weihe plain was 6 949 and 6 442 kg·hm-2,respectively. Farmers with yield over 5 500 kg·hm-2 accounted for more than 80%. The average application rates of N and P2O5 in Fenhe plain were 272.6 and 139.1 kg·hm-2,respectively.In Fenhe plain,11.84% of the growers had insufficient nitrogen application rate,23.68% and 64.47% of the growers had reasonable and over-applied nitrogen application rate,respectively. Accordingly,the proportion for phosphorus application was 14.03%,7.89% and 78.07%,respectively.In Weihe plain,the average application rates of N and P2O5 were 196.3 and 147.2 kg·hm-2. The proportions of nitrogen with insufficient rate,reasonable rate and excess level were 28.63%,31.97% and 39.40%,respectively.The proportions of phosphorus application with insufficient,reasonable rate and excess levels were 5.95%,14.50% and 79.56%,respectively.In Fenhe plain,the proportions of base fertilizer and top dressing N were 60.3% and 39.7%,while in Weihe plain,those were 97.3% and 2.7%,respectively. In addition,the average partial productivity of N and P2O5 were 30.4 and 59.6 kg·kg-1 in Fenhe plain,and 38.4 and 56.1 kg·kg-1in Weihe plain,respectively. Obviously,for winter wheat production in Fenwei plain,the excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer is still serious,resulting in the low utilization efficiency. Thus,it is necessary to further strengthen grower’s training in the future to apply fertilizers scientifically. |
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