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作者	单位
苏在兴，高闰飞，易媛，王波，常勇，黄忠勤，周兴根	（1.江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所，江苏徐州 221131；2.中国农业科学研究院甘薯研究所，江苏徐州 221131）

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中文摘要:

小麦成熟期遭遇穗发芽会严重影响小麦的产量和品质。为了解徐州主要栽培品种的穗发芽抗性及其分子机制，用整穗发芽法、籽粒发芽法考察了5个徐州地区主要推广小麦品种的籽粒休眠和发芽特性，并用10个分子标记对其穗发芽性状进行解析。结果表明，供试品种间整穗发芽率、发芽率和萌发指数均存在不显著、显著或极显著差异。徐农029的整穗发芽率最低，为3.02%，烟农19的整穗发芽率最高，达68.80%。徐农029的发芽率和萌发指数分别为41.00%和21.43%，均极显著低于其父本矮抗58（71.67%、53.10%）和母本淮麦20（89.67%、61.00%），周麦18和烟农19的发芽率均为99.33%，而烟农19的萌发指数（83.95%）高于周麦18的萌发指数（81.43%）。分子标记检测发现，徐农029和淮麦20属于Vp1Bc型抗穗发芽； Xgwm282标记在5个品种中呈2种带型，与穗发芽抗性关系密切。另外，8个抗穗发芽相关分子标记不能很好区分上述5个品种的抗穗发芽特性。

英文摘要:

Pre-harvest sprouting(PHS) is worldly hazard in wheat growing with yield reduction and quality degradation. Spike germination rate(SGR),percentage germination(PG) and germination index(GI) were used to detect grain dormancy and germination characteristics in five wheat cultivars. Ten-pairs molecular markers associated with PHS resistance were used to analyze the PHS performance in order to provide theoretical foundation for crop breeding and wheat production. The results showed that significant differences were observed on SGR,PG and GI in the five varieties. The lowest SGR was measured in Xunong 029(3.02%),while the highest value was detected in Yannong 19(68.80%). The PG and GI was 41.00% and 21.43%,respectively,in Xunong 029,which are both significantly lower than the values of its parents Huaimai 20(female parent,89.67% and 61.00%,respectively) and Aikang 58(male parent,71.67% and 53.10%,respectively). The same PG(99.33%) were both observed from Zhoumai 18 and Yannong 19. However,the GI was 83.95% for Yannong 19,higher than that for Zhoumai 18(81.43%). Xunong 029 and Huaimai 20 responded well to Vp1Bc type PHS resistance,and generate 569 bp band,by molecular marker detection. Two-band type appeared among the five varieties when amplified withXgwm282,which efficiently reflected the difference in PHS resistance. However,the other eight markers had poor association with PHS.

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