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作者	单位
王润豪，陈红卫，吴俊，贾改，王洁，刘芳芳，欧行奇，黄玲	（1.河南科技学院生命科技学院/现代生物育种河南省协同创新中心，河南新乡 453003；2.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所/农业部作物需水与调控重点实验室，河南新乡 453003）

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中文摘要:

为了研究不同水氮处理下收获的百农207种子发芽特性和贮藏物质转运的差异，以百农207为材料，结合当地冬小麦灌溉施肥制度设置水氮两因素裂区试验，水分为主区，氮素为副区，设置W0（返青后不灌水）、W1（返青后灌拔节水）、W2（返青后灌拔节水和开花水）、W3（返青后灌拔节水、开花水和灌浆水）4个灌溉水平以及N0（不施氮）、N1（120 kg·hm^-2）、N2（180 kg·hm^-2）、N3（240 kg·hm^-2）4个施氮水平。在百农207收获后进行标准发芽实验，测定种子的发芽指数、活力指数、生长特性和贮藏物质转运等相关指标。结果表明，灌水和施氮对收获后的百农207种子活力指数、幼苗根冠比、贮藏物质转运率和转化效率的影响呈正向耦合效应。水分是决定收获后小麦种子活力指数、种子贮藏物质转运率和转化效率的主要因子；氮素是决定收获后种子发芽阶段根冠比的主要因子。高水肥处理（N3W3）的种子发芽指数和活力指数最高，水分和养分胁迫（N0W0和N1W0）下发芽阶段的根芽长比值较高。在一定施氮量范围内，增加灌水并不能促进收获种子在发芽阶段幼苗根冠比的增加。在W2和W3水平下，不同施氮处理的百农207种子贮藏物质转运率和贮藏物质转化效率均高于60%。种子发芽阶段幼苗生长相对最优的水氮处理为N2W2。这说明一定水分和氮素营养供应范围内降低氮肥用量，不会降低收获后百农207种子的贮藏物质转运率和转运效率，符合当前的减肥增效原则。

英文摘要:

In order to study the difference of germination characteristics and storage substance transport of Bainong 207 seeds under different water and nitrogen treatments,with winter wheat cultivar Bainong 207 as the material,a split plot design was employed with main plot of water,sub-plot of nitrogen fertilizer combined with the irrigation and fertilizer application system of local winter wheat. Four treatments of irrigation levels were conducted as follows:W0(no irrigation after turning green),W1(jointing water after turning green),W2(jointing and flowering water after turning green) and W3(jointing ,flowering and grain filling water after turning green); and four nitrogen rates were conducted under each irrigation level:N0(0 kg·hm^-2),N1(120 kg·hm^-2),N2(180 kg·hm^-2) and N3(240 kg·hm^-2). The germination experiment was conducted to measure germination index,vigor index,growth feature and the transport rate of storage substance after harvest. The results showed that irrigation and nitrogen had the coupling effect on the root/shoot ratio,vigor index,and storage substance transportation ratio and conversion efficiency of the harvested seed. Water is the main factor affecting vigor index,storage substance transportation ratio and conversion efficiency. Nitrogen is the principle factor for the root-shoot ratio. Seed germination index and vigor index of Bainong 207 exhibited the highest under the treatment of high irrigation and fertilizer(N3W3). The ratio of root-shoot length increased under water and nutrient stress. In certain range of nitrogen application,the increase of irrigation application did not improve root-shoot ratio. Under W2 and W3 treatments,the seed storage matter transportation ratio and conversion efficiency was higher than 60% under different nitrogen levels. The comparatively optimal conditions for seeding growth was N2W2(jointing and flowering water after turning green,and 180 kg·hm^-2 nitrogen application). It can be concluded that with the decrease of irrigation and nitrogen application rate in a certain range,the storage substance transportation ratio and conversion efficiency did not show a decreasing trend,which meets the requirement of decreasing fertilizer and enhancing efficiency.

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