| 孙 辉，张风廷，苑少华，白建芳，苑国良，王 娜，白秀成，杨吉芳，赵昌平，张立平.小麦雄性不育系FA99-3和BS101的育性转换特性比较分析[J].麦类作物学报,2019,(1):10 |
| 小麦雄性不育系FA99-3和BS101的育性转换特性比较分析 |
| Comparative Analysis of the Characteristics on Fertility Alteration in Male Sterile Line FA99-3 and BS101 of Wheat |
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| DOI：10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2019.01.02 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦 光温敏核雄性不育系 细胞质雄性不育系 育性转换 |
| 英文关键词:Wheat Photo-thermal sensitive genic male sterile Cytoplasmic male sterile Fertility alteration |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD01B09)；国家自然科学基金项目（31661143018）；北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20170408)；北京市农林科学院创新团队项目（JNKYT201606） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了给小麦新型细胞质雄性不育系FA99-3以及光温敏核雄性不育系BS101安全制种生态区的选择以及实际应用提供理论依据，以常规品种京411为对照材料，通过田间育性鉴定试验和人工气候箱光温调控试验，对FA99-3和BS101的育性转换特性进行了分析。结果表明，在河南南阳，FA99-3和BS101的不育度均达到99%以上，可以安全制种；FA99-3的安全制种播期为9月30日至10月10日，BS101的安全制种播期为9月30日至10月20日。在北京顺义，FA99-3的结实率为17.87%～38.06%，BS101的结实率为43.33%～63.11%，可以安全繁种；FA99-3的安全繁种播期为10月20日，BS101的安全繁种播期为9月30日至10月20日。FA99-3和BS101的光温敏感时期为药隔至单核期。FA99-3以温度敏感为主，在光照 12 h·d-1 时，其温度转换阈值为12～14 ℃。BS101以光照敏感为主，在平均温度为12 ℃时，其光长转换阈值为12～14 h·d-1；在光照12 h·d-1时，其温度转换阈值为14～16 ℃, 但其对温度的敏感程度较弱。FA99-3和BS101花粉粒碘染均以染败为主。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study,a new wheat cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS) line FA99-3,a photo-thermal sensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS) line BS101 and a conventional variety Jing 411 were used as research materials. We studied the fertility alteration characteristics of FA99-3 and BS101 by differentially sowing tests in Shunyi of Beijing and Nanyang of Henan province and by the temperature and light control experiment in artificial climate chamber. The results showed that the sterility of FA99-3 and BS101 reached more than 99% in Nanyang,which can be securely applied in hybrid seed production. Sowing date for safe seed production with FA99-3 and BS101 was from 30th September to 10th October and 30th September to 20th October,respectively. While in Beijing,fertility recovery of FA99-3 was from 17.87% to 38.06%,and the fertility of BS101 was restored from 43.33% to 63.11%,indicating that they can be safely reproduced. Sowing periods for seed multiplication of FA99-3 and BS101 were 20th November and from 30th September to 20th October,respectively. We found that the photo-thermal sensitive period for FA99-3 and BS101 was from pollen mother cell formation to mono-nucleate. The results showed that FA99-3 was mainly temperature sensitive,and the critical temperature of alteration was 12-14 ℃ under the photoperiod of 12 h. However,BS101 with weak temperature sensitive features,was mainly controlled by photoperiod,with the critical threshold for fertility alteration was 12-14 h at an average temperature of 12 ℃. Moreover,the critical temperature threshold for fertility alteration was 14-16 ℃ under the photoperiod of 12 h. The pollen-staining observation of FA99-3 and BS101 indicated that the sterile pollen grains belonged to stained abortion type. By clarifying the fertility alteration characteristics and patterns of FA99-3 and BS101,it will provide a theoretical basis for selecting suitable ecological zone to ensure safe seed production and the practical application of the sterile line. |
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