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作者	单位
薛辉，余慷，马晓玲，刘晓丹，宋艳红，朱保磊，刘冬成，张爱民，詹克慧	（1.河南农业大学农学院，河南郑州 450002；2.中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所，北京 100101）

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中文摘要:

为对黄淮地区小麦耐倒春寒的相关性状进行评价和检测其优异等位变异，以107份黄淮麦区近十年来的主栽品种或正在参加区试的品系为研究对象，通过人工气候室对其耐倒春寒性状进行鉴定，并通过660 K SNP芯片检测对其进行全基因组关联分析。结果表明，经过雌雄蕊分化期低温处理后，小麦的结实率显著降低，不育小花数显著增多，但低温处理的结实率和不育小花数均与对照差异不大；根据结实率耐受力（TSR）分布，耐倒春寒（TSR≥0.90）、中耐倒春寒（0.9＞TSR≥0.70）和不耐倒春寒（TSR＜0.70）的材料分别有44个、53个和10个，平均结实率耐受力分别为0.94、0.81和0.59。经关联分析共得到80个与耐倒春寒相关性状关联的位点，在小麦21条染色体上均有分布，单个位点的表型变异贡献率（R）为16.61%~36.15% ，其中6个位点在两个以上性状中被重复关联到。从这些位点中，得到多个与耐倒春寒相关性状相关的优异等位变异。如1B上AX-110630731的碱基G变异类型在低温处理下能使结实率提高7.00%，使不育小花数减少2.91个·穗^-1，使结实率耐受力增加6.23%，但对照条件下并不影响这两个性状；3A上AX-110064042的T变异类型在低温处理下使不育小花数平均减少2.72个·穗^-1，使结实率及其耐受力分别增加6.02%和5.60%。

英文摘要:

In order to evaluate the tolerance and genetic mechanism of wheat varieties,in the yellow and Huai valley of China,107 wheat varieties released or tested in this region were subjected to evaluate their resistance to late-spring coldness through the treatment of artificial climate simulation. Along with the genotype data of Wheat 660K SNP chip,genome-wide association analysis was conducted to identify quantitative trait loci conferring the resistance to late-spring coldness.The data showed that the number of sterile floret per spike was increased significantly and the seed setting rate was reduced after the treatment of late-spring coldness. The tolerance to seed setting rate(TSR) can be divided into resistant(TSR≥0.90),medium resistant(0.90＞TSR≥0.70) and sensitive(TSR<0.70) to late-spring coldness. There are 44, 53 and 10 varieties belonging to those three types, and their average TSR were 0.94, 0.81 and 0.59, respectively. Genome-wide association analysis revealed that 80 SNP loci distributed in all the 21 chromosomes were associated with the resistance of late-spring coldness, and the phenotypic variation explained by single locus ranged from 16.61% to 36.15%. Among the 80 SNP loci, six were associated with two traits or more. Further analysis detected some positive SNPs. The G variant of AX-110630731 on 1B reduces 2.91 sterile florets, increases 7.00% seed-setting rate and 6.23% seed-setting rate tolerance; the T variant of AX-110064042 on 3A could reduce 2.72 sterile florets, increase 6.02% seed-setting rate and 5.60% seed-setting rate tolerance.

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