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作者	单位
邵宇航，石祖梁，张姗，贾涛，王飞，戴廷波	(1.南京农业大学农学院，江苏南京 210095；2.农业部农业生态与资源保护总站，北京 100125；3.农业部资源循环利用技术与模式重点实验室，北京 100024)

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中文摘要:

为了解施镁对小麦后期高温胁迫的缓解效应，采用盆栽试验方法，以自然条件为对照(昼夜温度分别为26和16 ℃)，研究了灌浆期花后14~20 d 和花后21~27 d高温胁迫（昼夜温度分别为32和22 ℃）下，施镁（20 kg·hm^-2）对小麦产量和旗叶光合特性的影响。结果表明，高温胁迫显著降低了小麦产量，且以花后21~27 d高温胁迫影响最大；施镁能显著增加穗粒数、千粒重和籽粒产量。高温胁迫降低了旗叶叶绿素含量、净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、蒸腾速率（T_r）、光化学效率（F_v/F_m）和实际光量子产量（Φ_PSⅡ），各指标均以花后21~27 d高温处理降幅最大，而胞间二氧化碳浓度（C_i）则表现出相反趋势；相同温度处理下，施镁则显著提高了旗叶叶绿素含量、P_n、G_s、T_r、F_v/F_m、Φ_PSⅡ，表明镁素施用能有效缓解花后高温对叶片光合能力的伤害，有助于光合产物的积累和产量的形成。

英文摘要:

To alleviate the influence of heat stress on wheat production, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of magnesium(Mg) application(0, 20 kg·hm^-2) on photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf and grain yield in winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) under heat stress(T₀:natural conditions；T₁:day and night at 33 ℃ and 22 ℃, respectively, from 14 to 20 days after anthesis；T₂:day and night is 33 ℃ and 22 ℃, respectively,from 21 to 27 days after anthesis). The results showed that grain yield was reduced significantly under high temperature stress, especially for that under the T₂ treatment. Mg application improved spike grain number and 1 000-grain weight, and then increased grain yield. High temperature stress decreased chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate(P_n), stomatal conductance(G_s), transpiration rate(T_r), primary light energy conversion (F_v/F_m) and actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Φ_PSⅡ) of flag leaf, but increased intercellular CO₂ concentration. However, magnesium application improved chlorophyll content, P_n, G_s, T_r, F_v/F_m, Φ_PSⅡ. As a result, magnesium application could effectively alleviate high temperature damage during grain filling, which was favorable for the accumulation of photosynthetic product and yield formation.

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